Prostate cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among men, is characterized by complex genetic and epigenetic alterations, dysregulation of oncogenic pathways, and a dynamic tumor microenvironment. Advances in molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies have significantly transformed the management of this disease. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has emerged as a critical biomarker, enhancing the precision of prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. Theranostics, which integrates PSMA-targeted imaging with radioligand therapies, has shown remarkable efficacy in detecting and treating advanced prostate cancer. By leveraging the dual capabilities of PSMA-based diagnostics and therapeutic agents, theranostics offers a personalized approach that improves patient outcomes. This comprehensive review explores the latest developments in PSMA-targeted theranostics and their impact on the future of prostate cancer management, highlighting key clinical trials and emerging therapeutic strategies.
前列腺癌作为男性癌症相关死亡的主要原因，其特点在于复杂的遗传和表观遗传改变、致癌通路失调以及动态的肿瘤微环境。分子诊断学和靶向治疗技术的进步已显著改变了该疾病的治疗模式。前列腺特异性膜抗原（PSMA）已成为关键生物标志物，提升了前列腺癌诊断与治疗的精准度。整合PSMA靶向成像与放射性配体疗法的诊疗一体化策略，在晚期前列腺癌的检测与治疗中展现出显著疗效。通过发挥PSMA靶向诊断与治疗药物的双重功能，诊疗一体化为改善患者预后提供了个体化治疗方案。本综述系统探讨PSMA靶向诊疗一体化的最新进展及其对前列腺癌治疗未来的影响，重点阐述关键临床试验与新兴治疗策略。
From Oncogenesis to Theranostics: The Transformative Role of PSMA in Prostate Cancer
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家