Mesenchymal tumors originate from mesenchymal cells and can be either benign or malignant, such as bone, soft tissue, and visceral sarcomas. Surgery is a cornerstone treatment in the management of mesenchymal tumors, often requiring complex procedures performed in high-volume referral centers. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted this need for alternative non-surgical approaches due to limited access to surgical resources. This review explores the role of non-surgical treatments in different clinical scenarios: for improving surgical outcomes, as a bridge to surgery, as better alternatives to surgery, and for non-curative treatment when surgery is not feasible. We discuss the effectiveness of active surveillance, cryoablation, high-intensity focused ultrasound, and other ablative techniques in managing these tumors. Additionally, we examine the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in gastrointestinal stromal tumors and hypofractionated radiotherapy in soft tissue sarcomas. The Sarculator tool is highlighted for its role in stratifying high-risk sarcoma patients and personalizing treatment plans. While surgery remains the mainstay of treatment, integrating advanced non-surgical strategies can enhance therapeutic possibilities and patient care, especially in specific clinical settings with limitations. A multidisciplinary approach in referral centers is vital to determine the optimal treatment course for each patient.
间叶源性肿瘤起源于间叶细胞，可为良性或恶性，例如骨肉瘤、软组织肉瘤及内脏肉瘤。手术是治疗间叶源性肿瘤的基石，通常需要在大型转诊中心进行复杂操作。然而，由于手术资源受限，COVID-19大流行凸显了对替代性非手术疗法的需求。本综述探讨了非手术治疗在不同临床场景中的作用：改善手术预后、作为手术过渡桥梁、作为更优手术替代方案，以及在无法手术时的非根治性治疗。我们讨论了主动监测、冷冻消融、高强度聚焦超声及其他消融技术在治疗此类肿瘤中的有效性。此外，我们分析了酪氨酸激酶抑制剂在胃肠道间质瘤中的应用，以及大分割放疗在软组织肉瘤中的应用。Sarculator工具因其在高危肉瘤患者分层和个体化治疗方案制定中的作用而备受关注。尽管手术仍是主要治疗手段，但整合先进的非手术策略可拓展治疗可能性并改善患者照护，尤其在特定受限临床环境中。在转诊中心采用多学科诊疗模式对确定每位患者的最佳治疗方案至关重要。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家