Older patients receiving antineoplastic treatment face challenges such as frailty and reduced physical capacity and function. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of exercise interventions on physical function outcomes, health-related quality of life (QoL), and symptom burden in older patients above 65 years with hematological malignancies undergoing antineoplastic treatment. This review adheres to Cochrane guidelines, with the literature searches last updated on 27 March 2024, including studies with patients above 18 years. Screening of identified studies, data extraction, risk of bias, and GRADE assessments were performed independently by two authors. Meta-analyses evaluated the impact of exercise, considering advancing age. Forty-nine studies contributed data to the meta-analyses. Five studies included patients with a mean age above 60 years, and none included only patients above 60. Exercise interventions had moderate to small positive effects on QoL global (SMD 0.34, 95% CI [0.04–0.64]) and physical function (SMD 0.29, 95% CI [0.12–0.45]). Age did not explain the variability in exercise effects, except for physical function (slope 0.0401, 95% CI [0.0118–0.0683]) and pain (slope 0.0472, 95% CI [0.01–0.09]), which favored younger patients. Exercise interventions improve physical function and QoL and reduce symptoms in adults with hematological malignancies undergoing antineoplastic treatment; however, the influence of age remains inconclusive.
接受抗肿瘤治疗的老年患者面临衰弱、体能及功能下降等挑战。本系统综述与荟萃分析旨在评估运动干预对65岁以上接受抗肿瘤治疗的血液恶性肿瘤老年患者身体功能结局、健康相关生活质量及症状负担的影响。本综述遵循Cochrane指南，文献检索更新至2024年3月27日，纳入研究对象年龄均超过18岁。由两位研究者独立完成文献筛选、数据提取、偏倚风险评估及GRADE证据质量评价。荟萃分析在考虑年龄增长因素的基础上评估运动干预效果。共49项研究纳入荟萃分析，其中5项研究纳入患者平均年龄超过60岁，但无研究仅纳入60岁以上患者。运动干预对整体生活质量（标准化均数差0.34，95%置信区间[0.04-0.64]）和身体功能（标准化均数差0.29，95%置信区间[0.12-0.45]）产生中小程度的积极影响。除身体功能（斜率0.0401，95%置信区间[0.0118-0.0683]）和疼痛（斜率0.0472，95%置信区间[0.01-0.09]）显示年轻患者获益更显著外，年龄因素未能解释运动效果的异质性。运动干预可改善接受抗肿瘤治疗的血液恶性肿瘤成年患者的身体功能与生活质量并减轻症状，但年龄因素的影响尚未形成明确结论。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家