Oral cancer is the general term used to describe cancers of the oral cavity and oropharyngeal region. These cancers are one of the leading causes of death in elderly residents within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries in the 21st century. This scoping review was carried out to assess the influence of rurality on oral cancer trends and patterns among OECD member countries. Four online databases (Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL) were searched for studies that reported on oral cancer trends in rural and remote areas in OECD member countries. A total of 1143 articles were obtained initially; among them, 995 papers were screened to include 18 articles for this scoping review. Studies have reported increasing incidence and prevalence in the United States, Australia, Canada, and European countries wherein risk factors such as tobacco, alcohol, and human papilloma virus (HPV) infections were associated with oral and oropharyngeal cancers. Awareness among people living in rural areas about HPV-related cancers was very low, while rates of tobacco and alcohol abuse were noted to be rising more rapidly than among their urban counterparts. Furthermore, the ageing population was most affected compared to the younger age groups of people with oral and oropharyngeal cancer that are prevalent in these regions. Overall, despite living in developed countries, rurality was noted to be a significant factor in the lower life expectancy of oral cancer patients, mainly due to the limited accessibility to tertiary cancer care centres and advanced medical care.
口腔癌是用于描述口腔及口咽部癌症的统称。在21世纪经济合作与发展组织（OECD）成员国中，这类癌症是老年居民的主要死亡原因之一。本次范围综述旨在评估OECD成员国中农村地区对口腔癌流行趋势及分布模式的影响。研究检索了四个在线数据库（Medline、PubMed、Scopus和CINAHL）中关于OECD成员国农村及偏远地区口腔癌趋势的文献。初步获得1143篇文献，经筛选后纳入995篇，最终确定18篇纳入本次范围综述。研究表明美国、澳大利亚、加拿大及欧洲国家的口腔癌及口咽癌发病率和患病率呈上升趋势，其风险因素与烟草、酒精及人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染相关。农村居民对HPV相关癌症的认知度极低，而烟草与酒精滥用率的增长速度快于城市居民。此外，与这些地区普遍存在的年轻口腔癌及口咽癌患者相比，老年群体受影响最为严重。总体而言，尽管生活在发达国家，农村地区仍是导致口腔癌患者预期寿命降低的重要因素，主要归因于三级癌症诊疗中心和先进医疗资源的可及性有限。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家