Introduction: The main goal of radiotherapy (RT) is to deliver a precise dose to the target while sparing the surrounding normal tissue and minimizing side effects. Appropriate patient immobilization is crucial, especially for head and neck cancer (HNC) and Brain Cancer (BC). Conventional closed-face masks (CFMs), while effective in minimizing head motion, can cause significant discomfort, anxiety, and claustrophobia. Open-face masks (OFMs) have been developed to increase patient comfort while providing precise immobilization.Methods:Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews and the Arskey and O’Malley framework, an electronic search of EMBASE, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science was conducted to identify original studies reporting the use and description of OFMs in clinical practice up to April 2024. The inclusion criteria were English-language articles focusing on OFMs for HNC and BC patients undergoing RT.Results:Of 618 titles, 19 articles fulfilled the selection criteria. Most studies were comparative (n= 13) or observational (n= 6). The articles were categorized by treatment site, resulting in three groups: BC (n= 14, 68.4%), HNC (n= 4, 21.4%), and mixed (n= 2, 10.5%), which includes both BC and HNC. Of note, 82.4% (n= 16) of the included studies were published from 2020 onwards, emphasizing the recent adoption of OFM in clinical practice.Conclusions: The reviewed studies show that OFMs, in combination with SGRT, offer significant advantages in terms of patient comfort and positioning accuracy in HNC and BC treatments. Reproducibility in the sub-millimeter and sub-degree range can be achieved, which supports the use of OFMs in clinical practice. Future research should explore innovative combinations of immobilization and monitoring to further improve RT outcomes and ensure precise treatment while increasing patient comfort.
引言：放射治疗（RT）的主要目标是在保护周围正常组织并最大限度减少副作用的同时，向靶区输送精确剂量。适当的患者体位固定至关重要，尤其对于头颈癌（HNC）和脑癌（BC）患者。传统的封闭式面罩（CFMs）虽能有效限制头部运动，但可能导致显著不适、焦虑和幽闭恐惧症。开放式面罩（OFMs）的开发旨在提高患者舒适度的同时提供精确固定。 方法：依据范围综述的系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）扩展指南及Arskey与O'Malley框架，对EMBASE、PubMed、SCOPUS和Web of Science数据库进行电子检索，筛选截至2024年4月报告OFMs临床实践应用与描述的原始研究。纳入标准为聚焦接受RT的HNC和BC患者使用OFMs的英文文献。 结果：在618篇文献中，19篇符合筛选标准。多数研究为对比性研究（13篇）或观察性研究（6篇）。按治疗部位将文献分为三组：BC（14篇，68.4%）、HNC（4篇，21.4%）以及同时包含BC和HNC的混合组（2篇，10.5%）。值得注意的是，82.4%（16篇）的纳入研究发表于2020年之后，凸显了OFMs在临床实践中的近期应用趋势。 结论：综述研究表明，在HNC和BC治疗中，OFMs结合表面引导放射治疗（SGRT）能在患者舒适度和摆位精度方面提供显著优势。可实现亚毫米级和亚角度级的重复性，这支持了OFMs在临床实践中的应用。未来研究应探索固定与监测技术的创新结合，以进一步提升RT疗效，在提高患者舒适度的同时确保治疗精准性。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家