Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with an incidence that has increased over the past 30 years. Although usually curable with excision, cSCC can become widely metastatic and aggressive with poor outcomes. Whereas the clinical and radiographic extent of any cancer will always guide selection of treatment modality, pathological features of cSCC also play an important role in determining prognosis and, subsequently, the need for further therapy. Therefore, reviewing and summarizing the current literature regarding pathological prognostic indicators of cSCC is essential to improving clinical outcomes. The present literature review yielded depth of invasion, surgical margins, perineural invasion, extranodal extension, lymphovascular invasion, tumor grade, tumor subtype, premalignant lesions, and molecular markers as key prognostic indicators, all with varying recommendations for adjuvant therapy. Notably, some of these factors have not been incorporated into either the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system (8th edition) or National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for cSCC. This review highlights a need for further research into these prognostic indicators and their role in determining the need for adjuvant treatment in head and neck cSCC.
皮肤鳞状细胞癌是全球最常见的癌症之一，其发病率在过去30年间持续上升。虽然通过手术切除通常可治愈，但该肿瘤也可能发生广泛转移并呈侵袭性生长，导致不良预后。尽管任何癌症的临床和影像学范围始终是选择治疗方式的主要依据，但皮肤鳞状细胞癌的病理学特征同样对判断预后及后续是否需要进一步治疗具有重要作用。因此，系统梳理和总结当前关于皮肤鳞状细胞癌病理预后指标的文献对改善临床结局至关重要。本综述发现浸润深度、手术切缘、神经周围侵犯、淋巴结外侵犯、淋巴血管侵犯、肿瘤分级、肿瘤亚型、癌前病变及分子标志物是关键预后指标，且针对这些指标提出的辅助治疗建议各不相同。值得注意的是，其中部分指标尚未被纳入美国癌症联合委员会分期系统（第八版）或美国国家综合癌症网络皮肤鳞状细胞癌临床实践指南。本综述强调需要进一步研究这些预后指标及其在头颈部皮肤鳞状细胞癌辅助治疗决策中的作用。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家