Sinonasal mucosal melanoma originates from melanocytes and it is a rare malignancy in the sinonasal tract. It is an aggressive melanocytic neoplasm with a very poor prognosis. The symptoms are nonspecific and the diagnosis is delayed, usually until the advanced stages of the disease. The current study performs a correlation between the histopathological aspects of sinonasal mucosal melanoma and different types of immune cells present in the microenvironment, with prognostic and therapeutic implications. The endpoint is to quantify the cellular immune microenvironment and correlate it with patient survival. This study presents nine cases of primary sinonasal mucosal melanomas diagnosed at the Emergency City Hospital Timisoara, Romania during a period of 15 years. The histopathological examination was performed in the Department of Pathology of the same hospital, using morphological hematoxylin–eosin staining. Additional immunohistochemical reactions were performed to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the components of the tumor immune microenvironment. This study identifies eosinophils, macrophages, natural killer cells and plasma cells as favorable prognostic factors. Therefore, a CD8:CD4 ratio of more than 3 is correlated with a good response to PD-1 inhibitor therapy.
鼻窦黏膜黑色素瘤起源于黑色素细胞，是鼻窦区域罕见的恶性肿瘤。作为一种侵袭性黑色素细胞肿瘤，其预后极差。该病症状缺乏特异性，诊断常被延误，通常直至疾病晚期才得以确诊。本研究旨在探讨鼻窦黏膜黑色素瘤的组织病理学特征与肿瘤微环境中不同类型免疫细胞之间的相关性，及其对预后和治疗的意义。研究目标是通过量化细胞免疫微环境，并将其与患者生存期进行关联分析。本研究收集了罗马尼亚蒂米什瓦拉市急诊医院在15年间诊断的9例原发性鼻窦黏膜黑色素瘤病例。所有组织病理学检查均在该院病理科完成，采用苏木精-伊红染色进行形态学观察，并通过补充免疫组化反应以明确诊断并评估肿瘤免疫微环境组成。研究发现嗜酸性粒细胞、巨噬细胞、自然杀伤细胞和浆细胞可作为有利的预后指标。此外，CD8:CD4比值大于3与患者对PD-1抑制剂治疗的良好反应呈正相关。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家