Therapeutic antibodies designed to target three immune checkpoint proteins have been applied in the treatment of various malignancies, including small and non-small cell lung cancers, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and others. These treatments combat cancers by reactivating cytotoxic T cells. Nevertheless, this mode of action was found to be associated with a broad range of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including pneumonitis, sarcoidosis, myocarditis, nephritis, colitis, and hepatitis. Depending on their severity, these irAEs often necessitate the suspension or discontinuation of treatment and, in rare instances, may lead to fatalities. We analyzed over nineteen million reports and identified over eighty thousand adverse event reports from patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors submitted to the Food and Drug Administration’s Adverse Event Reporting System MedWatch. Reports concerning pembrolizumab, nivolumab, cemiplimab, avelumab, durvalumab, atezolizumab, and ipilimumab revealed a statistically significant association between the irAEs and concurrent infectious diseases for five out of seven treatments. Furthermore, the association trend was preserved across all three types of checkpoint inhibitors and each of the five individual therapeutic agent cohorts, while the remaining two showed the same trend, but an increased confidence interval, due to an insufficient number of records.
针对三种免疫检查点蛋白设计的治疗性抗体已被应用于多种恶性肿瘤的治疗，包括小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、黑色素瘤、肾细胞癌等。这些疗法通过重新激活细胞毒性T细胞来对抗癌症。然而，这种作用模式被发现与广泛的免疫相关不良事件（irAEs）相关，包括肺炎、结节病、心肌炎、肾炎、结肠炎和肝炎等。根据其严重程度，这些免疫相关不良事件常常需要暂停或终止治疗，在极少数情况下甚至可能导致死亡。我们分析了超过1900万份报告，并从美国食品药品监督管理局不良事件报告系统MedWatch中识别出超过8万份接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的患者不良事件报告。关于帕博利珠单抗、纳武利尤单抗、西米普利单抗、阿维鲁单抗、度伐利尤单抗、阿特珠单抗和伊匹木单抗的报告显示，在七种治疗中有五种显示出免疫相关不良事件与并发感染性疾病之间存在统计学显著关联。此外，这种关联趋势在所有三种类型的检查点抑制剂以及五个独立治疗药物队列中均保持一致，而其余两种药物虽显示出相同趋势，但由于记录数量不足，其置信区间有所扩大。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家