SOluble Resistance-related Calcium-binding proteIN (sorcin) earned its name due to its co-amplification with ABCB1 in multidrug-resistant cells. Initially thought to be an accidental consequence of this co-amplification, recent research indicates that sorcin plays a more active role as an oncoprotein, significantly impacting multidrug resistance (MDR). Sorcin is a highly expressed calcium-binding protein, often overproduced in human tumors and multidrug-resistant cancers, and is a promising novel MDR marker. In tumors, sorcin levels inversely correlate with both patient response to chemotherapy and overall prognosis. Multidrug-resistant cell lines consistently exhibit higher sorcin expression compared to their parental counterparts. Furthermore, sorcin overexpression via gene transfection enhances drug resistance to various chemotherapeutic drugs across numerous cancer lines. Conversely, silencing sorcin expression reverses drug resistance in many cell lines. Sorcin participates in several mechanisms of MDR, including drug efflux, drug sequestering, cell death inhibition, gene amplification, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The present review focuses on the structure and function of sorcin, on sorcin’s role in cancer and drug resistance, and on the approaches aimed at targeting sorcin.
可溶性耐药相关钙结合蛋白（sorcin）因其在多药耐药细胞中与ABCB1基因共扩增而得名。早期研究认为其仅是共扩增的偶然产物，但近期研究表明sorcin作为癌蛋白发挥着更为主动的作用，对多药耐药（MDR）产生显著影响。sorcin是一种高表达的钙结合蛋白，在人类肿瘤和多药耐药癌症中常过度表达，是一种极具潜力的新型MDR标志物。在肿瘤组织中，sorcin表达水平与患者化疗反应及总体预后呈负相关。与亲本细胞系相比，多药耐药细胞系始终表现出更高的sorcin表达。此外，通过基因转染过表达sorcin可增强多种癌细胞系对各类化疗药物的耐药性；反之，沉默sorcin表达则能逆转多株细胞系的耐药性。sorcin通过药物外排、药物隔离、细胞死亡抑制、基因扩增、上皮-间质转化、血管生成及转移等多种机制参与MDR形成。本综述聚焦于sorcin的结构与功能、在癌症及耐药中的作用机制，以及靶向sorcin的治疗策略。
Sorcin in Cancer Development and Chemotherapeutic Drug Resistance
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家