Background: Metastasis commonly occur in the bone tissue. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly prevalent in the medical sector as support in decision-making, diagnosis, and treatment processes. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the reliability of AI systems in clinical, radiological, and pathological aspects of bone metastases. Methods: We included studies that evaluated the use of AI applications in patients affected by bone metastases. Two reviewers performed a digital search on 31 December 2023 on PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane library and extracted authors, AI method, interest area, main modalities used, and main objectives from the included studies. Results: We included 59 studies that analyzed the contribution of computational intelligence in diagnosing or forecasting outcomes in patients with bone metastasis. Six studies were specific for spine metastasis. The study involved nuclear medicine (44.1%), clinical research (28.8%), radiology (20.4%), or molecular biology (6.8%). When a primary tumor was reported, prostate cancer was the most common, followed by lung, breast, and kidney. Conclusions: Appropriately trained AI models may be very useful in merging information to achieve an overall improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment for metastasis in the bone. Nevertheless, there are still concerns with the use of AI systems in medical settings. Ethical considerations and legal issues must be addressed to facilitate the safe and regulated adoption of AI technologies. The limitations of the study comprise a stronger emphasis on early detection rather than tumor management and prognosis as well as a high heterogeneity for type of tumor, AI technology and radiological techniques, pathology, or laboratory samples involved.
背景：骨组织是常见的转移部位。人工智能在医疗领域作为决策、诊断和治疗过程的辅助工具日益普及。本系统综述旨在评估人工智能系统在骨转移临床、影像学及病理学方面的可靠性。方法：我们纳入了评估人工智能应用于骨转移患者的研究。两位评审员于2023年12月31日对PubMed、Scopus和Cochrane图书馆进行数字检索，并从纳入研究中提取作者、人工智能方法、关注领域、主要使用模态及主要目标。结果：共纳入59项研究，分析了计算智能在骨转移患者诊断或预后预测中的作用。其中6项研究专门针对脊柱转移。研究领域涉及核医学（44.1%）、临床研究（28.8%）、放射学（20.4%）或分子生物学（6.8%）。在报告原发肿瘤的研究中，前列腺癌最为常见，其次为肺癌、乳腺癌和肾癌。结论：经过适当训练的人工智能模型在整合信息以提高骨转移诊断准确性和治疗效果方面具有重要价值。然而，人工智能系统在医疗环境中的应用仍存在隐忧。必须解决伦理考量和法律问题，以促进人工智能技术的安全规范应用。本研究的局限性包括：更侧重于早期检测而非肿瘤管理与预后，且涉及的肿瘤类型、人工智能技术、影像学方法、病理学或实验室样本存在高度异质性。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家