The development of new treatment strategies to improve the prognosis of mucosal malignant melanoma of the head and neck (MMHN) after carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) is essential because of the risk of distant metastases. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment to justify its inclusion in the regimen after CIRT. Thirty-four patients who received CIRT as an initial treatment were included in the analysis and stratified into three groups: those who did not receive ICIs (Group A), those who received ICIs after recurrence or metastasis (Group B), and those who received ICIs as adjuvant therapy after CIRT (Group C). In total, 62% of the patients (n = 21) received ICIs. The 2-year local control and overall survival (OS) rates for all patients were 90.0% and 66.8%, respectively. The 2-year OS rates for patients in Groups A, B, and C were 50.8%, 66.7%, and 100%, respectively. No significant differences were observed between Groups A and B (p= 0.192) and Groups B and C (p= 0.112). However, a significant difference was confirmed between Groups A and C (p= 0.017). Adjuvant therapy following CIRT for MMHN may be a promising treatment modality that can extend patient survival.
由于存在远处转移风险，开发新的治疗策略以改善头颈部黏膜恶性黑色素瘤（MMHN）在碳离子放疗（CIRT）后的预后至关重要。因此，本研究旨在评估免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）的治疗效果，以论证其在CIRT后治疗方案中的应用价值。研究纳入了34例接受CIRT作为初始治疗的患者，并将其分为三组：未接受ICI治疗组（A组）、复发或转移后接受ICI治疗组（B组）以及CIRT后接受辅助性ICI治疗组（C组）。总体而言，62%的患者（n=21）接受了ICI治疗。全部患者的2年局部控制率和总生存率分别为90.0%和66.8%。A、B、C三组的2年总生存率分别为50.8%、66.7%和100%。A组与B组之间（p=0.192）、B组与C组之间（p=0.112）均未观察到显著差异，但A组与C组之间存在显著差异（p=0.017）。CIRT后辅助治疗可能是延长MMHN患者生存期的有效治疗模式。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家