Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer, posing a significant global health challenge with an increasing incidence. In recent years, multiple staging systems and scores have been proposed, emphasising the necessity for the development of precise prognostic tools. The well-documented etiological relationship between chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis has prompted researchers to explore novel prognostic markers associated with the inflammatory status of HCC patients. This review summarises the current data about inflammation-based scores in the context of HCC. We discuss established scores like the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), modified GPS (mGPS) and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and others not as extensively studied, examining their utility in predicting survival outcomes and treatment response in HCC patients. Furthermore, we explore emerging scores, including the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and other lymphocyte-based scores, assessing their potential in refining risk stratification and guiding therapeutic decisions in the era of precision medicine. As research progresses and these scores undergo further refinement and integration into the evolving landscape of HCC management, they carry significant potential for improving patient outcomes.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是最常见的原发性肝癌，其发病率不断上升，已成为全球重大健康挑战。近年来，多种分期系统和评分体系相继提出，突显了开发精准预后工具的必要性。慢性炎症与癌变之间已明确的病因学联系，促使研究人员探索与HCC患者炎症状态相关的新型预后标志物。本综述总结了当前基于炎症评分在HCC领域的研究数据，系统讨论了格拉斯哥预后评分（GPS）、改良格拉斯哥预后评分（mGPS）、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）等成熟评分体系，以及部分尚未被广泛研究的指标，并评估它们在预测HCC患者生存结局和治疗反应方面的应用价值。此外，本文还探讨了预后营养指数（PNI）及其他基于淋巴细胞的评分等新兴指标，评估其在精准医疗时代优化风险分层和指导治疗决策方面的潜力。随着研究不断深入，这些评分体系将进一步优化并融入HCC诊疗的发展格局，有望显著改善患者预后。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家