Introduction: The treatment of patients with hematological malignancies and acute arterial thrombosis (ATE) is challenging due to the risk of bleeding complications during treatment. Data on the incidence and risk factors for ATE in this group are very limited. Aims: We aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for ATE in patients with acute leukemia (AL) and lymphoid malignancies. Material and Methods: Patients with acute leukemia (AL), lymphoid malignancies, and ATE diagnosed following cancer diagnosis, who were treated and followed at the Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, 2005–2020, were candidates for inclusion in this study. Retrospective data on malignancy, ATE, and risk factors were collected. Results: No differences in either the 15-year incidence of ATE (1.4%) nor in the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) between patients with AL and lymphoid malignancies and ATE were found. ATE at diagnosis was more frequent in patients with AL and lymphoid malignancies (excluding chronic lymphatic leukemia, CLL). Conclusions: Patients with AL and lymphoid malignancies have a similar risk of ATE when compared to each other and the general population, regardless of platelet levels. No difference could be found in the presence of CVD risk factors between patients with AL and lymphoid malignancies presenting with ATE.
引言：血液系统恶性肿瘤合并急性动脉血栓形成（ATE）患者的治疗具有挑战性，主要源于治疗期间出血并发症的风险。目前关于该患者群体中ATE发生率及危险因素的数据非常有限。目的：本研究旨在评估急性白血病（AL）及淋巴系统恶性肿瘤患者中ATE的发生率及相关危险因素。材料与方法：本研究纳入2005年至2020年间在卡罗林斯卡大学医院血液科接受治疗及随访、确诊为急性白血病或淋巴系统恶性肿瘤并在癌症诊断后发生ATE的患者。通过回顾性方式收集恶性肿瘤、ATE及危险因素的相关数据。结果：研究发现，急性白血病与淋巴系统恶性肿瘤合并ATE的患者在15年ATE发生率（1.4%）及心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素方面均无显著差异。在诊断时即出现ATE的情况，在急性白血病及淋巴系统恶性肿瘤（不包括慢性淋巴细胞白血病，CLL）患者中更为常见。结论：无论血小板水平如何，急性白血病与淋巴系统恶性肿瘤患者的ATE风险相似，且与普通人群相比亦无显著差异。在出现ATE的急性白血病与淋巴系统恶性肿瘤患者之间，其心血管疾病危险因素的分布未见差异。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家