Previous data regarding chemotherapy-induced olfactory and gustatory dysfunction (CIOGD) are heterogeneous due to inconsistent study designs and small numbers of patients. To provide consistent, reliable data, we conducted a cohort study using standardized testing. Patients diagnosed with lymphoma, leukemia, or gastrointestinal malignancies were examined up to five times (T1 to T5), beginning prior to chemotherapy. We examined patients receiving temporary treatment up to 12 months post-therapy. Clinical assessment included extensive questionnaires, psychophysical tests of olfactory and gustatory function, and measurement of peripheral neuropathy. Statistical analysis included non-parametric tests to evaluate the longitudinal development of CIOGD. Our data (n = 108) showed a significant decline in olfactory and gustatory testing during chemotherapy (p-values < 0.001). CIOGD appeared stronger among patients above 60 years, while sex did not matter significantly. However, we identified distinct associations between CIOGD and reported anorexia as well as with higher neuropathy scores. Self-assessment appeared less sensitive to chemosensory dysfunction than psychophysical testing. Post-therapy, olfactory and gustatory function regenerated, though baseline levels were not attained within 6 to 12 months. In conclusion, our data highlight the wide prevalence and slow recovery of CIOGD. Understanding CIOGD as a potential neurotoxic effect may disclose new therapeutic prospects.
既往关于化疗诱导的嗅觉与味觉功能障碍（CIOGD）的研究数据因研究设计不一致和样本量较小而存在异质性。为提供一致、可靠的数据，我们采用标准化检测方法开展了一项队列研究。研究对象为确诊淋巴瘤、白血病或胃肠道恶性肿瘤的患者，自化疗前开始接受最多五次（T1至T5）检测，并对接受临时治疗的患者进行长达12个月的随访。临床评估包括详尽的问卷调查、嗅觉与味觉功能的心理物理测试以及周围神经病变的测量。统计分析采用非参数检验评估CIOGD的纵向发展。研究数据（n=108）显示化疗期间嗅觉与味觉测试结果显著下降（p值<0.001）。60岁以上患者的CIOGD表现更为明显，而性别因素无显著影响。值得注意的是，我们发现CIOGD与患者报告的厌食症状及较高的神经病变评分存在明显关联。相较于心理物理测试，患者自我评估对化学感觉功能障碍的敏感性较低。治疗后嗅觉与味觉功能虽有所恢复，但在6至12个月内未能达到基线水平。本研究结果揭示了CIOGD的高发性与恢复缓慢性。将CIOGD理解为潜在的神经毒性效应，可能为治疗策略开辟新的前景。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家