Introduction:According to the National Cancer Institute of the NIH, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rapidly growing cancer with a large quantity of myeloblasts. AML is most often observed in adults over the age of 35, accounting for 1% of all cancer types. In 2023, the number of new cases being reported was estimated to reach around 20,380 in total and the rate of mortality in the same year was 1.9%, or 11,310 cases, in the US.Purpose:This scoping study aims to extensively assess and explore the degree of cardiotoxicity in patients with AML that can be caused due to pharmaceutical treatments prescribed by hematologists. This is achieved by performing extensive searches of different scientific databases including PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect.Results:A variety of options are available that are summarized in tables included herein, with each having their advantages and risks of adverse effects, among these being cardiotoxicity. Important medications found to play a significant role include gemtuzumab ozogamicin, venetoclax, and vyxeos.Conclusions:It is understandable that being familiar with all the treatment options available and every potential adverse effect is impossible. However, hematologists and, in general, physicians must try to be updated with the most recent information released to improve the quality of life of their patients and minimize the risk of additional complications.
引言：根据美国国立卫生研究院国家癌症研究所的数据，急性髓系白血病（AML）是一种快速进展的恶性肿瘤，其特征是骨髓中原始粒细胞大量增殖。该疾病最常见于35岁以上的成年人群，约占所有癌症类型的1%。2023年，美国新增病例预计将达到约20,380例，同年死亡率约为1.9%，即11,310例。 目的：本范围综述旨在通过系统检索PubMed、Scopus和ScienceDirect等科学数据库，全面评估和探索血液科医师处方药物治疗可能引发的AML患者心脏毒性程度。 结果：本文汇总表格中列举了多种治疗方案，每种方案均具有其独特优势及不良反应风险，其中心脏毒性是需要重点关注的问题。研究发现吉妥珠单抗奥佐米星、维奈克拉、柔红霉素/阿糖胞苷脂质体等关键药物在治疗中具有重要作用。 结论：尽管临床医师难以掌握所有可用治疗方案及潜在不良反应，但血液科医师及全体医疗从业者必须持续关注最新研究进展，以提升患者生活质量，最大限度降低治疗相关并发症风险。
Cardiotoxicity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Adults: A Scoping Study
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家