文章：

性腺畸胎瘤：病理学前沿综述

Gonadal Teratomas: A State-of-the-Art Review in Pathology

原文发布日期：29 June 2024

DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132412

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Teratomas are neoplasms arising from germ cells and encompass tissues derived from two or more embryonic germ layers, including ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. These tumours typically localize along the midline or in paramedian positions and can manifest as gonadal (20%) or extragonadal (80%) entities. Although gonadal teratomas are uncommon, they represent the predominant type of gonadal tumour in the paediatric population. They comprise approximately 20–25% of all ovarian tumours in females and about 3–5% of all testicular tumours in males. Ovarian teratomas exhibit a higher incidence in early childhood and adolescence, whereas testicular teratomas are more prevalent during the first three months of life and between the ages of 15 and 19. While the majority of paediatric gonadal teratomas are benign, malignant or mixed variants may also arise, necessitating more aggressive therapeutic interventions.

摘要翻译： 

畸胎瘤是一种起源于生殖细胞的肿瘤，包含两个或以上胚层（外胚层、中胚层和内胚层）来源的组织。这类肿瘤通常沿中线或旁中线分布，可表现为性腺型（20%）或性腺外型（80%）。虽然性腺畸胎瘤并不常见，但却是儿童群体中最主要的性腺肿瘤类型。在女性中约占所有卵巢肿瘤的20-25%，在男性中约占所有睾丸肿瘤的3-5%。卵巢畸胎瘤在幼儿期和青春期发病率较高，而睾丸畸胎瘤则更多见于出生后前三个月以及15至19岁年龄段。尽管大多数儿童性腺畸胎瘤为良性，但也可能出现恶性或混合型变异，此时需要采取更积极的治疗干预措施。

原文链接：

Gonadal Teratomas: A State-of-the-Art Review in Pathology