CtDNA is emerging as a non-invasive clinical detection method for several cancers, including genitourinary (GU) cancers such as prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). CtDNA assays have shown promise in early detection of GU cancers, providing prognostic information, assessing real-time treatment response, and detecting residual disease and relapse. The ease of obtaining a “liquid biopsy” from blood or urine in GU cancers enhances its potential to be used as a biomarker. Interrogating these “liquid biopsies” for ctDNA can then be used to detect common cancer mutations, novel genomic alterations, or epigenetic modifications. CtDNA has undergone investigation in numerous clinical trials, which could address clinical needs in GU cancers, for instance, earlier detection in RCC, therapeutic response prediction in castration-resistant prostate cancer, and monitoring for recurrence in bladder cancers. The utilization of liquid biopsy for ctDNA analysis provides a promising method of advancing precision medicine within the field of GU cancers.
循环肿瘤DNA（ctDNA）正逐渐成为包括前列腺癌、膀胱癌和肾细胞癌等泌尿生殖系统癌症在内的多种癌症的非侵入性临床检测方法。ctDNA检测在泌尿生殖系统癌症的早期发现、预后信息提供、实时治疗反应评估以及残留病灶和复发监测方面展现出潜力。通过血液或尿液获取泌尿生殖系统癌症的“液体活检”样本具有便捷性，这增强了其作为生物标志物的应用前景。对这些“液体活检”样本进行ctDNA分析可用于检测常见癌症突变、新型基因组改变或表观遗传修饰。ctDNA已在多项临床试验中得到研究，这些研究有望满足泌尿生殖系统癌症的临床需求，例如肾细胞癌的早期发现、去势抵抗性前列腺癌的治疗反应预测以及膀胱癌的复发监测。利用液体活检进行ctDNA分析为推进泌尿生殖系统癌症领域的精准医学提供了一种前景广阔的方法。
Circulating Tumor DNA in Genitourinary Cancers: Detection, Prognostics, and Therapeutic Implications
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家