Endometrial cancer (EC) includes various histologic types, with estrogen-dependent endometrioid carcinoma being the most common. Obesity significantly increases the risk of developing this type, especially in postmenopausal women, due to elevated estrogen production by adipocytes. This review examines the impact of weight loss from different interventions on reducing obesity-related risk factors for endometrioid EC. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on three weight loss interventions: bariatric surgery, pharmacotherapy, and lifestyle changes. The effects of these interventions on inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6) and hormones (leptin, estrogen) were analyzed. Data from controlled studies were pooled to assess the significance of weight loss in reducing these biomarkers. Despite heterogeneity, bariatric surgery resulted in an overall 25.8% weight reduction, outperforming lifestyle and pharmacotherapy interventions. Weight loss reduced CRP levels by 33.5% and IL-6 levels by 41.9%. TNF-α levels decreased by 13% with percent weight loss over 7%. Leptin levels also decreased significantly, although the exact weight loss percentage was not statistically significant. Weight loss effectively reduces proinflammatory markers and hormones associated with increased risk of endometrioid EC. The strengths of this review include a comprehensive examination of different weight-loss interventions and a large pool of participants. However, limitations include high heterogeneity among studies and only 43% of the participants being postmenopausal. Limited data on sex hormones and racial disparities underscore the need for further research.
子宫内膜癌包含多种组织学类型，其中雌激素依赖性子宫内膜样腺癌最为常见。肥胖会显著增加罹患此类癌症的风险，尤其在绝经后女性中，这是由于脂肪细胞产生的雌激素水平升高所致。本综述探讨了不同减重干预措施对降低肥胖相关子宫内膜样腺癌风险因素的影响。研究对三种减重干预方式进行了系统综述与荟萃分析：减重手术、药物治疗及生活方式调整。分析了这些干预措施对炎症生物标志物（CRP、TNF-α、IL-6）和激素（瘦素、雌激素）的影响。通过汇总对照研究数据，评估了减重对降低这些生物标志物水平的重要意义。尽管存在异质性，减重手术实现了总体25.8%的体重下降，效果优于生活方式干预和药物治疗。体重减轻使CRP水平降低33.5%，IL-6水平降低41.9%。当体重下降百分比超过7%时，TNF-α水平降低13%。瘦素水平也显著下降，但具体减重百分比未达到统计学显著性。减重能有效降低与子宫内膜样腺癌风险增加相关的促炎标志物和激素水平。本综述的优势在于全面考察了不同减重干预方式并纳入大量研究参与者。然而局限性包括研究间异质性较高，且仅有43%的参与者为绝经后女性。关于性激素和种族差异的数据有限，凸显了进一步研究的必要性。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家