Family communication has been thought to be an important area to support children’s adjustment to a cancer diagnosis. However, the characteristics of therapeutic parent–child communication that contribute to better patient outcomes and the specific patient health outcomes have been less explored. This current review explored the characteristics of therapeutic parent–child communication and its physical and psychological health outcomes. A total of 5034 articles were initially identified, and only 10 articles remained for inclusion in this review after application of the exclusion criteria. Most studies used a cross-sectional design and measured verbal communication characteristics and its psychological outcomes, but no physical outcomes. The characteristics of therapeutic verbal communication (openness, maternal validation, quality of information shared, etc.) and nonverbal communication (eye contact, close physical distance, and acknowledging behaviors) were identified. The psychological health outcomes included less distress, a lower level of PTSS, less internalizing and externalizing of symptoms, increased levels of social emotional competencies, better peer relationships, and more cooperation during the procedure at the individual level. Increased family cohesion and family adaptation were family-level outcomes. Longitudinal studies are needed to identify what qualities of communication predict better psychological outcomes so that interventions can be developed and tested. In addition, physical outcomes should be evaluated.
家庭沟通被认为是支持儿童适应癌症诊断的重要领域。然而，有助于改善患者预后的治疗性亲子沟通特征及其对患者健康的具体影响尚未得到充分探讨。本综述旨在探讨治疗性亲子沟通的特征及其对身心健康的影响。初步检索共获得5034篇文献，经排除标准筛选后最终纳入10篇研究。多数研究采用横断面设计，主要测量言语沟通特征及其心理影响，未涉及生理健康指标。研究识别出治疗性言语沟通（开放性、母亲情感确认、信息共享质量等）与非言语沟通（眼神交流、近距离接触、认可行为）的特征。心理健康影响包括个体层面的痛苦情绪减轻、创伤后应激症状水平降低、症状内化和外化减少、社会情感能力提升、同伴关系改善以及治疗过程中配合度提高；家庭层面的影响则表现为家庭凝聚力增强与家庭适应性提升。未来需要开展纵向研究以明确何种沟通特质能够预测更好的心理预后，从而开发并验证相应干预措施。此外，还应评估沟通对生理健康指标的影响。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家