Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer and is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States after lung and colon cancer. PDAC is estimated to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. The diagnosis at a late stage is the underlying cause for higher mortality and poor prognosis after surgery. Treatment resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy results in recurrence after surgery and poor prognosis. Neoantigen burden and CD8+ T-cell infiltration are associated with clinical outcomes in PDAC and paucity of neoantigen-reactive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes may be the underlying cause for treatment resistance for immunotherapy. This suggests a need to identify additional neoantigens and therapies targeting these neoantigens to improve clinical outcomes in PDAC. In this review, we focus on describing the pathophysiology, current treatment strategies, and treatment resistance in PDAC followed by the need to target neoantigens in PDAC.
胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）是最常见的胰腺癌类型，目前是美国继肺癌和结肠癌之后癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。预计到2030年，PDAC将成为癌症相关死亡的第二大原因。晚期诊断是导致高死亡率和术后预后不良的根本原因。对化疗和免疫疗法的治疗抵抗导致术后复发和预后不良。新抗原负荷和CD8+ T细胞浸润与PDAC的临床结果相关，而新抗原反应性肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞的缺乏可能是免疫疗法治疗抵抗的根本原因。这表明需要识别更多的新抗原以及针对这些新抗原的疗法，以改善PDAC的临床结果。在本综述中，我们重点描述PDAC的病理生理学、当前治疗策略和治疗抵抗，随后探讨了针对PDAC新抗原的必要性。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家