Immunotherapy is a rapidly advancing field of research in the treatment of conditions such as cancer and autoimmunity. Nanomaterials can be designed for immune system manipulation, with precise targeted delivery and improved immunomodulatory efficacy. Here, we elaborate on various strategies using nanomaterials, including liposomes, polymers, and inorganic NPs, and discuss their detailed design intricacies, mechanisms, and applications, including the current regulatory issues. This type of nanomaterial design for targeting specific immune cells or tissues and controlling release kinetics could push current technological frontiers and provide new and innovative solutions for immune-related disorders and diseases without off-target effects. These materials enable targeted interactions with immune cells, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, and adoptive cell therapies. Moreover, they allow for fine-tuning of immune responses while minimizing side effects. At the intersection of nanotechnology and immunology, nanomaterial-based platforms have immense potential to revolutionize patient-centered immunotherapy and reshape disease management. By prioritizing safety, customization, and compliance with regulatory standards, these systems can make significant contributions to precision medicine, thereby significantly impacting the healthcare landscape.
免疫疗法是治疗癌症及自身免疫性疾病等领域发展迅速的研究方向。纳米材料可通过精准靶向递送和增强免疫调节效能实现对免疫系统的调控。本文系统阐述了基于脂质体、聚合物及无机纳米颗粒等纳米材料的多种策略，深入探讨了其精细设计原理、作用机制与应用前景，并分析了当前面临的监管问题。此类针对特定免疫细胞或组织进行靶向设计、并能控制释放动力学的纳米材料，有望突破现有技术瓶颈，为免疫相关疾病提供创新性解决方案，同时避免脱靶效应。这些材料能够实现与免疫细胞的精准相互作用，从而增强检查点抑制剂、癌症疫苗及过继性细胞疗法的疗效。此外，它们可在精细调控免疫反应的同时最大限度降低副作用。在纳米技术与免疫学的交叉领域，基于纳米材料的平台具有巨大潜力，或将彻底变革以患者为中心的免疫治疗模式，重塑疾病管理策略。通过优先保障安全性、实现个性化设计并遵循监管标准，这些系统将为精准医疗作出重要贡献，从而对医疗健康领域产生深远影响。
Nanomaterial-Driven Precision Immunomodulation: A New Paradigm in Therapeutic Interventions
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家