Cancer of the colon and rectum (CRC) has been identified among the three most prevalent types of cancer and cancer-related deaths for both sexes. Even though significant progress in surgical and chemotherapeutic techniques has markedly improved disease-free and overall survival rates in contrast to those three decades ago, recent years have seen a stagnation in these improvements. This underscores the need for new therapies aiming to augment patient outcomes. A number of emerging strategies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and adoptive cell therapy (ACT), have exhibited promising outcomes not only in preclinical but also in clinical settings. Additionally, a thorough appreciation of the underlying biology has expanded the scope of research into potential therapeutic interventions. For instance, the pivotal role of altered telomere length in early CRC carcinogenesis, leading to chromosomal instability and telomere dysfunction, presents a promising avenue for future treatments. Thus, this review explores the advancements in CRC immunotherapy and telomere-targeted therapies, examining potential synergies and how these novel treatment modalities intersect to potentially enhance each other’s efficacy, paving the way for promising future therapeutic advancements.
结直肠癌（CRC）已被列为男性和女性中三种最常见癌症及癌症相关死亡原因之一。尽管外科手术和化疗技术已取得显著进步，使患者的无病生存率和总生存率较三十年前明显提高，但近年来这些改善已趋于停滞。这凸显了开发旨在改善患者预后的新型疗法的迫切需求。多种新兴策略，如免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）和过继性细胞疗法（ACT），不仅在临床前研究中也已在临床环境中展现出令人鼓舞的疗效。此外，对疾病潜在生物学机制的深入理解拓展了潜在治疗干预措施的研究范畴。例如，端粒长度改变在结直肠癌早期癌变过程中通过引发染色体不稳定性和端粒功能障碍所起的关键作用，为未来治疗提供了前景广阔的新方向。因此，本文综述将探讨结直肠癌免疫治疗与端粒靶向治疗的最新进展，分析其潜在的协同效应，并阐释这些新型治疗模式如何相互交叉作用以提升彼此疗效，从而为未来治疗发展开辟新的道路。
Current and Future Trends of Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Exploring Advances in Immunotherapy
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家