Background: The increased demand for genetic testing and counseling necessitates healthcare professionals (HCPs) to improve their genetic competency through training programs. This systematic review identified HCPs’ learning needs and their perspectives on essential information for families with hereditary cancer. Methods: This review covered studies published from 2013 to 2024 across five databases. Data were analyzed using a content analysis. Results: Thirteen studies involving 332 HCPs were analyzed. Most studies focused on the learning needs of physicians caring for families affected by Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer in North America and Europe. HCPs required training emphasizing practical counseling skills over the basics of genetics. Learning needs varied by profession: physicians needed training in assessing cancer risk and supporting decision-making in risk management; nurses required information on resources and the genetic care system; genetic counselors sought guidance on family communication and planning. Essential information identified for families included risk-reducing strategies, personalized cancer risk assessment, family implications, psychological issues, (cascade) genetic testing, and social concerns. Conclusions: The findings have implications for the development of training programs for HCPs, emphasizing the need for tailored training based on professions. Future research should explore the needs of HCPs caring for families with diverse hereditary cancers and cultural backgrounds.
背景：随着遗传检测与咨询需求的增加，医疗专业人员需要通过培训项目提升遗传学专业能力。本系统综述旨在明确医疗专业人员的学习需求及其对遗传性癌症家庭所需核心信息的认知。方法：本综述检索了2013年至2024年间发表于五个数据库的研究，采用内容分析法对数据进行分析。结果：共纳入13项研究，涉及332名医疗专业人员。多数研究聚焦于北美和欧洲地区从事遗传性乳腺癌与卵巢癌家庭照护的医师学习需求。医疗专业人员更需侧重实践性咨询技能而非基础遗传学知识的培训。学习需求存在职业差异：医师需加强癌症风险评估及风险管理决策支持的培训；护士需要获取医疗资源与遗传护理体系相关信息；遗传咨询师则关注家庭沟通与规划指导。研究确定的家庭核心信息包括：风险降低策略、个体化癌症风险评估、家族遗传影响、心理问题、（级联）遗传检测及社会支持问题。结论：本研究对开发医疗专业人员培训项目具有指导意义，强调需根据职业特点开展针对性培训。未来研究应关注不同遗传性癌症类型及多元文化背景下医疗专业人员的需求差异。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家