Hepatocellular carcinoma is a malignant tumor that originates from hepatocytes in an inflammatory substrate due to different degrees of liver fibrosis up to cirrhosis. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the role played by the complex interrelationship between hepatocellular carcinoma and its microenvironment, capable of influencing tumourigenesis, neoplastic growth, and its progression or even inhibition. The microenvironment is made up of an intricate network of mesenchymal cells, immune system cells, extracellular matrix, and growth factors, as well as proinflammatory cytokines and translocated bacterial products coming from the intestinal microenvironment via the enterohepatic circulation. The aim of this paper is to review the role of the HCC microenvironment and describe the possible implications in the choice of the most appropriate therapeutic scheme in the prediction of tumor response or resistance to currently applied treatments and in the possible development of future therapeutic perspectives, in order to circumvent resistance and break down the tumor’s defensive fort.
肝细胞癌是一种源于肝细胞的恶性肿瘤，其发生背景为不同程度的肝纤维化乃至肝硬化所构成的炎性基质。近年来，肝癌与其微环境之间复杂的相互作用日益受到关注，这种关系能够影响肿瘤的发生、生长、进展甚至抑制。该微环境由间充质细胞、免疫系统细胞、细胞外基质、生长因子、促炎细胞因子以及通过肠肝循环从肠道微环境易位的细菌产物共同构成的复杂网络。本文旨在综述肝细胞癌微环境的作用，探讨其对选择最适治疗方案、预测肿瘤对现有治疗的反应或耐药性以及开发未来治疗策略可能产生的影响，从而克服耐药机制并突破肿瘤的防御壁垒。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家