Pancreatic cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. As the most common form of pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents up to 95% of all pancreatic cancer cases, accounting for more than 300,000 deaths annually. Due to the lack of early diagnoses and the high refractory response to the currently available treatments, PDAC has a very poor prognosis, with a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 10%. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are highly effective and have been used for the treatment of many types of cancer; however, they offer limited benefits in pancreatic cancer patients due to tumor-intrinsic and extrinsic factors that culminate in drug resistance. The identification of key factors responsible for PDAC growth and resistance to different treatments is highly valuable in developing new effective therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss some molecules which promote PDAC initiation and progression, and their potential as targets for PDAC treatment. We also evaluate the challenges associated with patient outcomes in clinical trials and implications for future research.
胰腺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的第六大原因。作为胰腺癌最常见的类型，胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）占所有胰腺癌病例的95%，每年导致超过30万人死亡。由于缺乏早期诊断手段，且对现有治疗方案普遍存在高耐药性，PDAC预后极差，患者五年总生存率不足10%。靶向治疗和免疫疗法虽在多种癌症治疗中展现出高效性，但因肿瘤内在与外在因素共同导致的耐药性问题，这些疗法对胰腺癌患者的疗效有限。识别驱动PDAC生长及治疗耐药的关键因素，对开发新型有效治疗策略具有重要价值。本综述探讨了促进PDAC发生发展的若干关键分子及其作为治疗靶点的潜力，同时评估了临床试验中患者疗效面临的挑战，并对未来研究方向提出展望。
Driver Mutations in Pancreatic Cancer and Opportunities for Targeted Therapy
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家