Breast cancer is the most common cancer type in women. The vast majority of breast cancer patients have hormone receptor-positive (HR+) tumors. In advanced HR+ breast cancer, the combination of endocrine therapy with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors is considered the standard of care in the front-line setting. Nevertheless, resistance to hormonal therapy and CDK4/6 inhibitors eventually occurs, leading to progression of the disease. Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) comprise a promising therapeutic choice with significant efficacy in patients with HR+ breast cancer, which is resistant to endocrine treatment. ADCs typically consist of a cytotoxic payload attached by a linker to a monoclonal antibody that targets a specific tumor-associated antigen, offering the advantage of a more selective delivery of chemotherapy to cancer cells. In this review, we focus on the ADC mechanisms of action, their toxicity profile and therapeutic uses as well as on related biomarkers and future perspectives in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
乳腺癌是女性最常见的癌症类型。绝大多数乳腺癌患者为激素受体阳性（HR+）肿瘤。在晚期HR+乳腺癌中，内分泌治疗联合细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶4/6（CDK4/6）抑制剂已成为一线治疗标准方案。然而，激素疗法和CDK4/6抑制剂最终会产生耐药性，导致疾病进展。抗体偶联药物（ADCs）作为一种前景广阔的治疗选择，在对内分泌治疗耐药的HR+乳腺癌患者中展现出显著疗效。ADCs通常由通过连接子与单克隆抗体偶联的细胞毒性载荷组成，该抗体能特异性靶向肿瘤相关抗原，具有将化疗药物更选择性递送至癌细胞的优势。本综述重点探讨ADCs的作用机制、毒性特征及治疗应用，并阐述其在晚期HR+乳腺癌中的相关生物标志物与未来展望。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家