(1) Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at higher risk of cancer but how these two diseases associate is still debated. The goal of this study was the assessment of the overall incidence of cancer among patients with newly diagnosed T2DM in Hungary. (2) Methods: A nationwide, retrospective, longitudinal study was performed using a Hungarian database. After exclusion of cases of age < 18 years, with gestational diabetes, with polycystic ovary syndrome, and with type 1 and prevalent type 2 diabetes mellitus, the incident T2DM (approx. 50,000 cases yearly) and for comparison, the diabetes-free Hungarian adult population (approx. 7,000,000 cases yearly) was included in the study. The primary endpoints were the overall and site-specific incidence and annual percentage change of the incidence of cancer in both populations. (3) Results: The overall incidence of cancer in patients amounted to 29.4/1000 and 6.6/1000 with or without T2DM, respectively, and the OR (95%CI) of cancer of the T2DM group was 4.32 (4.14–4.53),p< 0.0001. The risk of having cancer was age dependent. The incidence of cancer was declining in the non-diabetic but was unchanged in the T2DM population. The average lag time of diagnosing cancer after the detection of T2DM was 3.86 months. (4) Conclusions: Incident T2DM is associated with a significantly higher overall risk of incident cancer, with a reverse correlation of age. Newly registered T2DM patients were suggested to be screened for cancer within 6 months.
(1) 背景：2型糖尿病患者罹患癌症的风险更高，但两者间的关联机制仍存争议。本研究旨在评估匈牙利新诊断2型糖尿病患者中癌症的总体发病率。(2) 方法：基于匈牙利全国性数据库开展回顾性纵向研究。排除年龄<18岁、妊娠期糖尿病、多囊卵巢综合征、1型糖尿病及已确诊2型糖尿病的病例后，研究纳入新发2型糖尿病患者（每年约5万例）作为观察组，并以无糖尿病的匈牙利成年人群（每年约700万例）作为对照组。主要终点指标为两组人群癌症总体发病率、特定部位癌症发病率及其年度变化百分比。(3) 结果：糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者癌症总体发病率分别为29.4‰和6.6‰，2型糖尿病组患癌比值比（OR）为4.32（95%CI 4.14-4.53），p<0.0001。患癌风险呈年龄依赖性。非糖尿病人群癌症发病率呈下降趋势，而2型糖尿病人群发病率保持稳定。2型糖尿病确诊后诊断癌症的平均滞后期为3.86个月。(4) 结论：新发2型糖尿病与显著升高的新发癌症总体风险相关，且风险与年龄呈负相关。建议新确诊2型糖尿病患者在6个月内接受癌症筛查。
Incident Cancer Risk in Patients with Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Hungary (Part 1)
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家