In recent years, kaempferol, a natural flavonoid present in various fruits and vegetables, has received significant attention in gastrointestinal cancer research due to its varied therapeutic effects. Kaempferol has been proven to alter several molecular mechanisms and pathways, such as the PI3/Akt, mTOR, and Erk/MAPK pathway involved in cancer progression, showing its inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, and migration. Kaempferol is processed in the liver and small intestine, but limited bioavailability has been a major concern in the clinical implications of kaempferol. Nano formulations have been proven to enhance kaempferol’s efficacy in cancer prevention. The synergy of nanotechnology and kaempferol has shown promising results inin vitrostudies, highlighting the importance for morein vivoresearch and clinical trials to determine safety and efficacy. This review aims to focus on the role of kaempferol in various types of gastrointestinal cancer and how the combination of kaempferol with nanotechnology helps in improving therapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment.
近年来，山奈酚作为一种广泛存在于多种水果和蔬菜中的天然黄酮类化合物，因其多样的治疗效应在胃肠道癌症研究中受到广泛关注。研究证实，山奈酚能够通过调控PI3/Akt、mTOR、Erk/MAPK等与癌症进展相关的分子机制与信号通路，有效抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖、存活、血管生成、转移及迁移过程。山奈酚主要在肝脏和小肠代谢，但其生物利用度较低的问题已成为临床应用的重大制约因素。纳米制剂技术已被证实能显著提升山奈酚的癌症预防功效。纳米技术与山奈酚的协同作用在体外研究中展现出良好前景，这凸显了开展更多体内研究及临床试验以验证其安全性与疗效的重要性。本文综述旨在系统阐述山奈酚在各类胃肠道癌症中的作用机制，并重点探讨山奈酚与纳米技术结合对提升癌症治疗效果的促进作用。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家