Recent technological advances, including capsule endoscopy (CE) and balloon-assisted endoscopy (BAE), have revealed that small intestinal disease is more common than previously thought. CE has advantages, including a high diagnostic yield, discomfort-free, outpatient basis, and physiological images. BAE enabled endoscopic diagnosis and treatment in the deep small bowel. Computed tomography (CT) enterography with negative oral contrast can evaluate masses, wall thickening, and narrowing of the small intestine. In addition, enhanced CT can detect abnormalities outside the gastrointestinal tract that endoscopy cannot evaluate. Each modality has its advantages and disadvantages, and a good combination of multiple modalities leads to an accurate diagnosis. As a first-line modality, three-phase enhanced CT is preferred. If CT shows a mass, stenosis, or wall thickening, a BAE should be selected. If there are no abnormal findings on CT and no obstructive symptoms, CE should be selected. If there are significant findings in the CE, determine the indication for BAE and its insertion route based on these findings. Early diagnosis of small intestinal tumors is essential for favorable outcomes. For early diagnosis, the possibility of small bowel lesions should be considered in patients with unexplained symptoms and signs after examination of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract.
近年来，胶囊内镜（CE）和球囊辅助内镜（BAE）等技术的进步揭示，小肠疾病的发生率比以往认知更为普遍。胶囊内镜具有诊断率高、无不适感、可在门诊进行及提供生理状态下影像等优势。球囊辅助内镜则实现了深部小肠的内镜诊断与治疗。采用口服阴性对比剂的计算机断层扫描（CT）小肠造影可有效评估小肠肿块、肠壁增厚及狭窄情况。此外，增强CT还能检测内镜无法评估的胃肠道外异常。各种检查手段各具优缺点，多种方式的有机结合有助于实现精准诊断。作为一线检查手段，三期增强CT应作为首选。若CT显示肿块、狭窄或肠壁增厚，则应选择球囊辅助内镜。若CT未见异常且无梗阻症状，则适用胶囊内镜。若胶囊内镜发现显著异常，应根据这些结果判断球囊辅助内镜的适应症及插入路径。小肠肿瘤的早期诊断对获得良好预后至关重要。为实现早期诊断，对于完成上下消化道检查后仍存在不明原因症状和体征的患者，应考虑小肠病变的可能性。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家