(1) Background. Intracavitary hyperthermic chemotherapy (HITHOC) remains part of the complex mosaic that is the multimodal approach for advanced stage thymoma and pleural malignancies. However, robotic pleurectomy/removal of pleural lesions in combination with intrathoracic chemotherapy is not currently being investigated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of robotic pleurectomy/removal of relapses and HITHOC in patients with pleural recurrence of thymoma or MPM. (2) Methods: The data of nine consecutive patients affected by thymoma relapses or MPM who underwent robotic surgery in combination with HITHOC from February 2017 to November 2022 were collected and analyzed. Surgery performed prior to intrathoracic infusion of high-temperature chemotherapy consisted of removal of recurrences (three patients) or pleurectomy (six patients). All surgeries were performed with a four-port, fully robotic technique. (3) Results: No intraoperative complications occurred. No renal complications related to infusion were recorded. One patient, who underwent pleurectomy for MPM, had a grade II Clavien–Dindo postoperative complication. Oncological follow-up showed results in line with the literature. (4) Conclusions: With the limitation of the small number of patients, robotic surgery in combination with HITHOC seems to be safe in patients with pleural relapses of thymoma and early-stage MPM.
(1) 背景：胸腔内高温化疗（HITHOC）作为多模式治疗晚期胸腺瘤及胸膜恶性肿瘤综合方案的重要组成部分，目前尚未有研究探讨机器人辅助胸膜切除术/胸膜病灶切除联合胸腔内化疗的应用。本研究旨在评估机器人辅助胸膜复发灶切除联合HITHOC治疗胸腺瘤胸膜复发或恶性胸膜间皮瘤（MPM）患者的安全性。(2) 方法：收集并分析2017年2月至2022年11月期间连续9例接受机器人手术联合HITHOC治疗的胸腺瘤复发或MPM患者数据。胸腔内高温化疗灌注前实施的手术包括复发灶切除（3例）或胸膜切除术（6例）。所有手术均采用四孔全机器人技术完成。(3) 结果：未发生术中并发症。未记录到与灌注相关的肾脏并发症。1例因MPM接受胸膜切除术的患者出现II级Clavien-Dindo术后并发症。肿瘤学随访结果与文献报道相符。(4) 结论：在样本量有限的前提下，机器人手术联合HITHOC治疗胸腺瘤胸膜复发及早期MPM患者显示出良好的安全性。
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