Background: We have conducted cooperative campaigns focusing on albino patients in a rural area of Malawi. What have we learned? Methods: Three surgical campaigns were performed in Nkhotakota district (2019–2023). Albino clinical and tumor characteristics were collected. Results: Between 22 and 75 albinos were evaluated in each campaign (mean age < 28 years old). Most patients did not use sunscreen in a way that provided optimal photoprotection. Regarding tumors, the proportion of basal and squamous cell carcinomas ranged from 1:1 to almost 2:1. Of 156 albino patients, 34 attended more than once. However, of the 19 patients with 30 tumors operated on in 2021, only seven were assessed the following year (12 were lost to follow-up). At least 14 albinos with locally advanced tumors were evaluated. Conclusions: Distributing photoprotective clothing could be more efficient or perhaps an earlier measure of sunscreen in rural Africa as it does not require permanent repositioning. Very-high-risk patients (previous interventions with positive margins or high-risk tumors, intense actinic damage, and new tumors constantly appearing, especially those presenting SCCs) require close follow-up and treatment and represent our main target. Secondary prevention with Malawian collaboration and the use of teledermatology is essential for patient tracking, as they are able to offer curative treatments.
背景：我们在马拉维农村地区针对白化病患者开展了一系列合作医疗活动。我们从中获得了哪些经验？方法：在恩科塔科塔地区进行了三次外科手术活动（2019-2023年）。收集了白化病患者的临床特征及肿瘤特征。结果：每次活动评估22至75名白化病患者（平均年龄<28岁）。大多数患者未以提供最佳光防护的方式使用防晒霜。在肿瘤方面，基底细胞癌与鳞状细胞癌的比例从1:1到接近2:1不等。156名白化病患者中，34人接受了多次诊疗。然而，在2021年接受手术治疗的19名患者（共30个肿瘤）中，仅7人在次年接受了复诊（12人失访）。至少评估了14名患有局部晚期肿瘤的白化病患者。结论：在非洲农村地区，分发光防护衣物可能比防晒霜更有效或更早实施，因其无需持续补涂。极高危患者（既往切缘阳性的干预史或高危肿瘤、严重光化性损伤、持续新发肿瘤，尤其是出现鳞状细胞癌的患者）需要密切随访和治疗，是我们关注的主要目标。与马拉维当地合作开展二级预防并运用远程皮肤病学技术对患者追踪至关重要，这能为患者提供有效的治疗方案。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家