Background: In the past decades, global changes, including hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis B and C antiviral therapies, and the increasing prevalence of steatotic liver disease, have influenced the landscape of liver cancer etiologies. Methods: We performed a retrospective study focused on the etiological factors of de novo hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnoses in an academic center between 2019 and 2022. Results: Among 352 consecutive patients with HCC, alcohol-related liver disease was the predominant etiology (33.3%), followed by hepatitis C (HCV) infection (30.7%). Significant associations were found between HCC etiology and patient demographics, BCLC stage at diagnosis, and cirrhosis prevalence. Conclusions: Whereas accessibility to antiviral therapy is granted, HCV infection remains as one of the main HCC etiologies. MASLD-related HCC, although growing globally, is not as relevant in our area. Strong public policies need to be implemented to prevent alcohol consumption, the main etiology of liver disease and liver cancer.
背景：过去几十年中，全球性变化——包括乙型肝炎疫苗接种、乙型和丙型肝炎抗病毒治疗以及脂肪性肝病患病率的上升——已对肝癌病因构成产生影响。方法：我们针对2019年至2022年间某学术中心新诊断肝细胞癌（HCC）的病因开展了一项回顾性研究。结果：在连续纳入的352例HCC患者中，酒精相关性肝病是主要病因（33.3%），其次为丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染（30.7%）。研究发现HCC病因与患者人口学特征、诊断时BCLC分期以及肝硬化患病率存在显著关联。结论：尽管抗病毒治疗可及性得到保障，HCV感染仍是HCC主要病因之一。代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病（MASLD）相关HCC虽在全球范围内呈增长趋势，但在本地区尚未成为主要病因。亟需实施强有力的公共政策以控制酒精消费——这是肝病及肝癌的首要致病因素。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家