Spinal meningiomas are the most common intradural, extramedullary tumor in adults, yet the least common entity when accounting for all meningiomas spanning the neuraxis. While traditionally considered a benign recapitulation of their intracranial counterpart, a paucity of knowledge exists regarding the differences between meningiomas arising from these two anatomic compartments in terms of histopathologic subtypes, molecular tumor biology, surgical principles, long-term functional outcomes, and recurrence rates. To date, advancements at the bench have largely been made for intracranial meningiomas, including the discovery of novel gene targets, DNA methylation profiles, integrated diagnoses, and alternative systemic therapies, with few exceptions reserved for spinal pathology. Likewise, evolving clinical research offers significant updates to our understanding of guiding surgical principles, intraoperative technology, and perioperative patient management for intracranial meningiomas. Nonetheless, spinal meningiomas are predominantly relegated to studies considering non-specific intradural extramedullary spinal tumors of all histopathologic types. The aim of this review is to comprehensively report updates in both basic science and clinical research regarding intraspinal meningiomas and to provide illustrative case examples thereof, thereby lending a better understanding of this heterogenous class of central nervous system tumors.
脊髓脊膜瘤是成人中最常见的硬膜内髓外肿瘤，但在整个神经轴系的所有脊膜瘤中却最为罕见。传统上认为其是颅内脊膜瘤的良性复现，但关于这两个解剖部位起源的脊膜瘤在组织病理学亚型、分子肿瘤生物学、手术原则、长期功能预后及复发率等方面的差异，目前认知尚浅。迄今为止，基础研究进展主要集中在颅内脊膜瘤领域，包括新基因靶点的发现、DNA甲基化谱分析、整合诊断以及替代性全身疗法的开发，仅有少数例外涉及脊髓病变。同样，不断发展的临床研究为我们理解颅内脊膜瘤的手术指导原则、术中技术及围手术期患者管理提供了重要更新。然而，脊髓脊膜瘤的研究大多被纳入针对所有组织病理学类型的非特异性硬膜内髓外脊髓肿瘤的综合性研究中。本综述旨在全面报告脊髓脊膜瘤在基础科学和临床研究方面的最新进展，并提供典型案例说明，从而增进对这类异质性中枢神经系统肿瘤的理解。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家