Radiotherapy, a crucial technique in cancer therapy, has traditionally relied on the premise of largely unchanging patient anatomy during the treatment course and encompassing uncertainties by target margins. This review introduces adaptive radiotherapy (ART), a notable innovation that addresses anatomy changes and optimizes the therapeutic ratio. ART utilizes advanced imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, and PET to modify the treatment plan based on observed anatomical changes and even biological changes during the course of treatment. The narrative review provides a comprehensive guide on ART for healthcare professionals and trainees in radiation oncology and anyone else interested in the topic. The incorporation of artificial intelligence in ART has played a crucial role in improving effectiveness, particularly in contour segmentation, treatment planning, and quality assurance. This has expedited the process to render online ART feasible, lowered the burden for radiation oncology practitioners, and enhanced the precision of dynamically personalized treatment. Current technical and clinical progress on ART is discussed in this review, highlighting the ongoing development of imaging technologies and AI and emphasizing their contribution to enhancing the applicability and effectiveness of ART.
放射治疗作为癌症治疗中的一项关键技术，传统上依赖于治疗过程中患者解剖结构基本不变的假设，并通过靶区边界来涵盖不确定性。本综述介绍了自适应放疗（ART），这一显著创新旨在应对解剖结构变化并优化治疗比。ART利用CT、MRI和PET等先进成像技术，根据治疗过程中观察到的解剖结构变化甚至生物学变化来调整治疗计划。本叙述性综述为放射肿瘤学的医疗专业人员、学员以及其他对该主题感兴趣的人士提供了关于ART的全面指南。人工智能在ART中的应用在提高疗效方面发挥了关键作用，特别是在轮廓分割、治疗计划和质量保证方面。这加速了在线ART的可行性进程，减轻了放射肿瘤学从业者的负担，并提高了动态个性化治疗的精确性。本综述讨论了ART当前的技术和临床进展，重点介绍了成像技术和人工智能的持续发展，并强调了它们对增强ART适用性和有效性的贡献。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家