Diagnosing ground-glass opacity (GGO) pulmonary lesions poses challenges. This study evaluates the utility of radial probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (RP-EBUS-TBLB) in diagnosing GGO pulmonary lesions. A total of 1651 RP-EBUS procedures were performed during the study period. This study analyzed 115 GGO lesions. The EBUS visualization yield was 80.1%. Of 115 lesions, 69 (60%) were successfully diagnosed. The average size of diagnosed lesions was significantly larger than that of undiagnosed lesions (21.9 ± 7.3 vs. 17.1 ± 6.6 mm,p< 0.001). Diagnostic yield varied by lesion size: 50.0% for lesions <20 mm, 65.1% for 20–30 mm lesions, and 85.7% for lesions >30 mm. The mixed blizzard sign on EBUS appeared in 60.6% of mixed GGO lesions, with no cases in pure GGO lesions. Multivariable analyses showed that lesion size (odds ratio [OR], 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–1.16;p< 0.001) and mixed blizzard sign on EBUS (OR, 20.92; CI, 7.50–58.31;p< 0.001) were significantly associated with diagnostic success. Pneumothorax and hemoptysis occurred in 1.7% and 2.6% of patients, respectively. RP-EBUS-TBLB without fluoroscopic guidance is a viable diagnostic approach for GGO pulmonary lesions with acceptable complications.
磨玻璃样病变（GGO）肺结节的诊断存在挑战。本研究评估了径向探头支气管内超声引导下经支气管肺活检（RP-EBUS-TBLB）在诊断GGO肺结节中的应用价值。研究期间共进行了1651例RP-EBUS操作，其中分析了115个GGO病灶。EBUS可视化率为80.1%。在115个病灶中，69个（60%）成功获得诊断。确诊病灶的平均尺寸显著大于未确诊病灶（21.9 ± 7.3 mm vs. 17.1 ± 6.6 mm，p < 0.001）。诊断率随病灶尺寸变化：<20 mm病灶为50.0%，20-30 mm病灶为65.1%，>30 mm病灶为85.7%。混合型GGO病灶中60.6%出现EBUS混合暴雪征，而纯GGO病灶中未出现该征象。多变量分析显示，病灶尺寸（比值比[OR] 1.10；95%置信区间[CI] 1.00-1.16；p < 0.001）和EBUS混合暴雪征（OR 20.92；CI 7.50-58.31；p < 0.001）与诊断成功率显著相关。气胸和咯血发生率分别为1.7%和2.6%。无透视引导的RP-EBUS-TBLB是诊断GGO肺结节的可行方法，并发症发生率可接受。
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