Galectins play a pivotal role in lung cancer oncogenic pathways, influencing apoptosis, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis. Biomarkers that diagnose, prognose, and guide cancer treatment are crucial, with galectins having the biomarker potential for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we assessed serum galectin-1, -3, and -9 levels in NSCLC patients. A retrospective chart review was performed to examine patient demographics, cancer stage, tumor biology, cancer treatment, and patient outcomes. Galectin levels were then compared across these factors. In this exploratory analysis, galectin-3 levels were significantly lower in patients with squamous cell lung cancer (p= 0.0019) and in patients exposed to chemotherapy (p= 0.0375). Galectin-1 levels were significantly lower in patients with previous metastasis but had no correlation with future metastasis. Abnormal galectin-1 levels were significantly correlated with decreased overall survival (OS) in NSCLC (p= 0.0357) and specifically in patients with surgically resectable NSCLC (p= 0.0112). However, abnormal galectin-1 levels were not found to correlate with decreased OS in multivariable analysis (p= 0.0513). These findings may have clinical implications as galectin-3 inhibitors are in trials for NSCLC. Additionally, they suggest that galectin-1 has potential as a prognostic marker for surgically resectable NSCLC.
半乳糖凝集素在肺癌致癌通路中发挥关键作用，影响细胞凋亡、血管生成及肿瘤转移。作为诊断、预后和指导癌症治疗的重要生物标志物，半乳糖凝集素在非小细胞肺癌中具有生物标志物潜力。本研究采用酶联免疫吸附法检测非小细胞肺癌患者血清中半乳糖凝集素-1、-3和-9水平，并通过回顾性病历分析考察患者人口学特征、癌症分期、肿瘤生物学特性、治疗方案及临床结局。通过对比分析发现：在探索性分析中，肺鳞癌患者（p=0.0019）及接受化疗的患者（p=0.0375）半乳糖凝集素-3水平显著降低；既往转移患者半乳糖凝集素-1水平显著降低，但与后续转移无相关性。异常半乳糖凝集素-1水平与非小细胞肺癌患者总生存期缩短显著相关（p=0.0357），在可手术切除的非小细胞肺癌患者中尤为显著（p=0.0112）。然而多变量分析显示异常半乳糖凝集素-1水平与总生存期缩短无显著相关性（p=0.0513）。这些发现具有临床意义：当前半乳糖凝集素-3抑制剂正在开展非小细胞肺癌临床试验，同时提示半乳糖凝集素-1可能作为可手术切除非小细胞肺癌的预后标志物。
Exploratory Assessment of Galectin-1, -3, and -9 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家