Background: Previous studies on Hispanic thyroid cancer cases show sex disparities and an increased prevalence of large tumor sizes and nodal involvement. Here, we characterized Hispanic thyroid cancer cases in California. Methods: We identified thyroid cancer cases from 2010 to 2020 using the California Cancer Registry by sex, race/ethnicity, histology, TNM stage, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and Charlson comorbidity score. The age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) and age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) for all causes of death were calculated. A Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate the mortality risk from all causes of death by race. Results: Overall, 56,838 thyroid cancer cases were identified, including 29.75% in Hispanics. Hispanics had the highest female-to-male incidence rate ratio (IRR 3.54) and the highest prevalence of T3/T4 tumor size (28.71%), the highest N1 nodal status (32.69%), and the highest AAMR (0.79 per 100,000 people). After adjusting for demographic and tumor covariates, compared to non-Hispanic White people, Hispanic ethnicity, with an HR of 1.22 (95% CI 1.18–1.25,p< 0.0001), remained a significant independent contributor to mortality risk. Conclusions: Hispanics had the greatest female-to-male IRR ratio, a greater prevalence of advanced disease features at diagnosis, along with the highest AAMR and increased mortality risk despite adjustments for demographic and tumor covariates. Further investigation into other risk factors is needed.
背景：既往针对西班牙裔甲状腺癌患者的研究显示存在性别差异，且大肿瘤体积及淋巴结转移的发生率较高。本研究旨在分析加利福尼亚州西班牙裔甲状腺癌患者的临床特征。方法：通过加利福尼亚癌症登记系统，我们收集了2010年至2020年甲状腺癌病例数据，包括性别、种族/民族、组织学类型、TNM分期、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移情况及查尔森合并症评分。计算了全因死亡的年龄标化发病率（AAIR）和年龄标化死亡率（AAMR）。采用Cox比例风险回归模型评估不同种族全因死亡的风险。结果：共纳入56,838例甲状腺癌患者，其中西班牙裔占29.75%。西班牙裔患者的女性与男性发病率比值最高（IRR 3.54），T3/T4期肿瘤发生率（28.71%）、N1淋巴结转移率（32.69%）及AAMR（0.79/10万人）均为各族群中最高。在调整人口学和肿瘤协变量后，与非西班牙裔白人相比，西班牙裔仍是全因死亡风险的独立显著影响因素（HR 1.22，95% CI 1.18–1.25，p<0.0001）。结论：西班牙裔甲状腺癌患者具有最高的性别发病率比值，确诊时晚期疾病特征更为普遍，且在调整人口学和肿瘤协变量后仍表现出最高的AAMR及死亡风险。需进一步探究其他风险因素。
Characterization of Thyroid Cancer among Hispanics in California, USA, from 2010 to 2020
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家