Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy in the world and accounts for 15% of primary hemocytopathies, with an ever-increasing number of new cases. It is asymptomatic in 30% of instances; hence, the determination of highly sensitive and specific markers is necessary to make a proper diagnosis. In the last 20 years, miRNAs, involved in regulating the expression of genes responsible for cell proliferation and differentiation, including tumor cells, have been identified as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers. The main aim of the following review was to outline the role of miRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of MM, considering their role in the pathogenesis of the disease and identifying their target genes and pathways. For this purpose, publications dating from 2013–2023 have been reviewed. Based on the available data, it is concluded that non-coding RNAs including miRNAs could be potential markers in MM. Furthermore, they may serve as therapeutic targets for certain drugs.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是全球第二常见的血液系统恶性肿瘤，占原发性血细胞疾病的15%，且新发病例数量持续增长。该疾病在30%的病例中无明显症状，因此需要确定高灵敏度与高特异性的标志物以实现准确诊断。近二十年来，参与调控细胞（包括肿瘤细胞）增殖分化相关基因表达的miRNAs已被确认为潜在的诊断与预后标志物。本综述旨在系统阐述miRNAs在MM诊断及预后评估中的作用，重点关注其在疾病发病机制中的功能，并识别其靶基因及相关信号通路。为此，我们对2013年至2023年间发表的文献进行了全面梳理。基于现有数据，我们认为包括miRNAs在内的非编码RNA可能成为MM的潜在标志物，并有望作为特定药物的治疗靶点。
Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Diagnosis, Prediction and Prognosis of Multiple Myeloma
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家