The systemic and local immunosuppression exhibited by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) contributes significantly to its aggressive nature. There is a need for a greater understanding of the mechanisms behind this profound immune evasion, which makes it one of the most challenging malignancies to treat and thus one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. The gut microbiome is now thought to be the largest immune organ in the body and has been shown to play an important role in multiple immune-mediated diseases. By summarizing the current literature, this review examines the mechanisms by which the gut microbiome may modulate the immune response to PDAC. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiome can alter immune cell populations both in the peripheral blood and within the tumour itself in PDAC patients. In addition, evidence suggests that the gut microbiome influences the composition of the PDAC tumour microbiome, which exerts a local effect on PDAC tumour immune infiltration. Put together, this promotes the gut microbiome as a promising route for future therapies to improve immune responses in PDAC patients.
胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）表现出的全身性和局部免疫抑制是其侵袭性的重要原因。有必要更深入地理解这种显著免疫逃逸背后的机制，这种机制使其成为最具治疗挑战性的恶性肿瘤之一，也因此成为全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一。目前认为肠道微生物组是人体最大的免疫器官，并已被证实在多种免疫介导疾病中发挥重要作用。本文通过综述现有文献，探讨了肠道微生物组可能调节PDAC免疫应答的机制。有证据表明，肠道微生物组能够改变PDAC患者外周血及肿瘤内部的免疫细胞群。此外，研究显示肠道微生物组影响PDAC肿瘤微生物组的组成，从而对PDAC肿瘤免疫浸润产生局部调控作用。综上所述，这些发现提示肠道微生物组有望成为未来改善PDAC患者免疫应答的治疗新靶点。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家