Cancer is one of the most significant causes of death worldwide. Despite the rapid development of modern forms of therapy, results are still unsatisfactory. The prognosis is further worsened by the ability of cancer cells to metastasize. Thus, more effective forms of therapy, such as photodynamic therapy, are constantly being developed. The photodynamic therapeutic regimen involves administering a photosensitizer that selectively accumulates in tumor cells or is present in tumor vasculature prior to irradiation with light at a wavelength corresponding to the photosensitizer absorbance, leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Reactive oxygen species are responsible for the direct and indirect destruction of cancer cells. Photodynamically induced local inflammation has been shown to have the ability to activate an adaptive immune system response resulting in the destruction of tumor lesions and the creation of an immune memory. This paper focuses on presenting the latest scientific reports on the specific immune response activated by photodynamic therapy. We present newly discovered mechanisms for the induction of the adaptive response by analyzing its various stages, and the possible difficulties in generating it. We also present the results of research over the past 10 years that have focused on improving the immunological efficacy of photodynamic therapy for improved cancer therapy.
癌症是全球最主要的致死原因之一。尽管现代治疗手段发展迅速，但疗效仍不尽如人意。癌细胞转移能力的存在进一步恶化了预后。因此，诸如光动力疗法等更有效的治疗方式正在持续研发中。光动力治疗方案包括给予光敏剂，该光敏剂能选择性积聚于肿瘤细胞或存在于肿瘤血管系统中，随后以与光敏剂吸收波长相对应的光进行照射，从而产生活性氧。活性氧可直接或间接导致癌细胞死亡。研究表明，光动力诱导的局部炎症能够激活适应性免疫系统反应，从而破坏肿瘤病灶并形成免疫记忆。本文重点介绍光动力疗法激活特异性免疫反应的最新科学报告。通过分析适应性免疫反应的不同阶段及其可能面临的生成障碍，我们阐述了新发现的诱导适应性免疫反应的机制。同时，本文还展示了近十年来旨在提升光动力疗法免疫学效能以改善癌症治疗效果的研究成果。
Photodynamic Therapy and Adaptive Immunity Induced by Reactive Oxygen Species: Recent Reports
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家