Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common type of genetic variation found in an individual’s DNA sequences. SNPs can occur in both coding and non-coding regions of the genome and can affect gene expression, protein function, and disease susceptibility. In this systematic review, we evaluate the potential of SNPs as biomarkers in the assessment of oral mucositis (OM) severity in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients treated with concomitant chemoradiation (CRT). The study selection process involved screening 66 articles from different platforms, and after removing duplicates and excluding articles that did not meet the eligibility criteria, 23 articles were included for full-text evaluation. Among them, genes from several pathways were analyzed. The DNA damage repair pathways had the highest number of genes studied. The most frequently analyzed gene wasXRCC1. The proinflammatory cytokine pathways evaluated were TNF, with three articles, and NF-κB, with one article. Most included studies showed a potential association between certain SNPs and high-grade mucositis. We conclude that SNPs can be used as possible biomarkers for the assessment of OM intensity in HNC patients, and further research is needed to explore the potential of SNPs in personalized medicine for HNC treatment.
单核苷酸多态性（SNP）是个体DNA序列中最常见的遗传变异类型。SNP可出现在基因组的编码区与非编码区，并可能影响基因表达、蛋白质功能及疾病易感性。本系统性综述评估了SNP作为生物标志物在评估接受同步放化疗的头颈癌患者口腔黏膜炎严重程度中的潜力。研究筛选过程共纳入66篇文献，经去重及排除不符合标准的文献后，最终23篇进入全文评估。相关研究涉及多个通路基因，其中DNA损伤修复通路的研究基因数量最多。XRCC1是出现频次最高的分析基因。在评估的促炎细胞因子通路中，TNF相关研究3篇，NF-κB相关研究1篇。多数纳入研究表明特定SNP与重度口腔黏膜炎存在潜在关联。我们得出结论：SNP可作为评估头颈癌患者口腔黏膜炎严重程度的潜在生物标志物，未来需进一步探索SNP在头颈癌个体化治疗中的应用前景。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家