Sinonasal cancers (SNCs) are rare malignancies associated with occupational exposures. The aim of this study was to analyse the survival of SNC patients using data from the population-based SNC registry of the Lombardy region (10 million people), Italy. We included epithelial SNC cases registered in 2008–2020 and followed-up for vital status until 31 July 2023. Multivariate flexible parametric models with time-dependent covariates were fitted to calculate excess hazard ratios (EHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of death. Based on 827 cases (553 males, 274 females) and 514 deaths (345 males, 169 females), the 5-year observed survival was 49% and the net survival was 57%. Age had a substantial impact on survival, particularly within the first year (EHR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.12–1.51 per 10 years). Compared with the nasal cavity, the EHR for paranasal sinuses was 4.70 (95% CI, 2.96–7.47) soon after diagnosis. Compared with squamous cell carcinomas, the EHR was 0.69 (95% CI, 0.52–0.91) for adenocarcinomas, 1.68 (95% CI, 1.20–2.35) for undifferentiated and unspecified carcinomas, and 1.78 (95% CI, 1.07–2.95) for neuroendocrine carcinomas. Age and cancer site showed time-dependent effects on prognosis, especially within the first month after diagnosis. Prognosis was also markedly affected by cancer morphology. No associations were found for gender and period of diagnosis.
鼻窦癌是一种与职业暴露相关的罕见恶性肿瘤。本研究旨在利用意大利伦巴第大区（人口1000万）基于人群的鼻窦癌登记数据，分析鼻窦癌患者的生存状况。研究纳入2008年至2020年登记的上皮性鼻窦癌病例，并随访其生存状态至2023年7月31日。通过拟合含时变协变量的多变量灵活参数模型，计算死亡的超额风险比及其95%置信区间。基于827例病例（男性553例，女性274例）及514例死亡（男性345例，女性169例），5年观察生存率为49%，净生存率为57%。年龄对生存率有显著影响，尤其在确诊后第一年内（每增加10岁，超额风险比为1.35；95%置信区间1.12-1.51）。与鼻腔肿瘤相比，鼻窦肿瘤在确诊初期的超额风险比高达4.70（95%置信区间2.96-7.47）。相较于鳞状细胞癌，腺癌的超额风险比为0.69（95%置信区间0.52-0.91），未分化及未分类癌为1.68（95%置信区间1.20-2.35），神经内分泌癌为1.78（95%置信区间1.07-2.95）。年龄与肿瘤部位对预后的影响呈现时间依赖性特征，尤其在确诊后第一个月内。肿瘤形态学特征亦对预后产生显著影响。未发现性别与诊断时期与生存率存在关联。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家