Refraction-contrast computed tomography based on X-ray dark-field imaging (XDFI) using synchrotron radiation (SR) has shown superior resolution compared to conventional absorption-based methods and is often comparable to pathologic examination under light microscopy. This study aimed to investigate the potential of the XDFI technique for clinical application in lung cancer diagnosis. Two types of lung specimens, primary and secondary malignancies, were investigated using an XDFI optic system at beamline BL14B of the High-Energy Accelerator Research Organization Photon Factory, Tsukuba, Japan. Three-dimensional reconstruction and segmentation were performed on each specimen. Refraction-contrast computed tomographic images were compared with those obtained from pathological examinations. Pulmonary microstructures including arterioles, venules, bronchioles, alveolar sacs, and interalveolar septa were identified in SR images. Malignant lesions could be distinguished from the borders of normal structures. The lepidic pattern was defined as the invasive component of the same primary lung adenocarcinoma. The SR images of secondary lung adenocarcinomas of colorectal origin were distinct from those of primary lung adenocarcinomas. Refraction-contrast images based on XDFI optics of lung tissues correlated well with those of pathological examinations under light microscopy. This imaging method may have the potential for use in lung cancer diagnosis without tissue damage. Considerable equipment modifications are crucial before implementing them from the lab to the hospital in the near future.
基于同步辐射X射线暗场成像的折射对比计算机断层扫描技术，相比传统吸收成像方法展现出更优的分辨率，常可与光学显微镜下的病理检查相媲美。本研究旨在探讨X射线暗场成像技术在肺癌临床诊断中的应用潜力。在日本筑波高能加速器研究机构光子工厂BL14B光束线上，采用X射线暗场成像光学系统对原发性和继发性两类肺癌标本进行检测。对每个标本进行三维重建与分割处理，并将折射对比计算机断层扫描图像与病理检查结果进行对比分析。同步辐射图像清晰显示了肺微细结构，包括微动脉、微静脉、细支气管、肺泡囊及肺泡间隔。恶性病灶与正常组织结构边界可明确区分。在原发肺腺癌中，鳞屑样生长模式被界定为浸润性成分。结直肠来源的继发性肺腺癌图像特征与原发肺腺癌存在显著差异。基于X射线暗场成像的肺组织折射对比图像与光学显微镜病理检查结果高度吻合。该成像技术有望实现无组织损伤的肺癌诊断，但在从实验室推向临床医院应用前，仍需对设备进行重大改进。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家