Gynecologic malignancies have high incidence rates both nationally and internationally, and cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers account for high mortality rates worldwide. Significant research is ongoing to develop targeted therapies to address unmet needs in the field and improve patient outcomes. As tumors mutate and progress through traditional lines of treatment, new therapies must be developed to overcome resistance and target cancer-specific receptors and mutations. Recent advances in the development of immunotherapy and antibody–drug conjugates have resulted in compelling and clinically meaningful results in cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. In the last decade, several immunotherapy agents have received FDA approval or NCCN guideline recommendation for the treatment of gynecologic malignancies, including dostarlimab for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer and pembrolizumab for advanced or recurrent cervical and endometrial cancers. Several other immunotherapeutic agents are under active investigation. Development of antibody–drug conjugates including tisotumab vedotin in cervical cancer, mirvetuximab soravtansine in ovarian cancer, and trastuzumab deruxtecan in multiple gynecologic cancers has translated into exciting efficacy signals, prompting full drug approvals and additional investigation. This article aims to review recent novel advances in targeted treatments for gynecologic malignancies, highlighting the trials and data underlying these novel interventions.
妇科恶性肿瘤在全球范围内具有较高的发病率，其中宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌在世界范围内导致较高的死亡率。目前，针对该领域尚未满足的临床需求及改善患者预后，靶向治疗的研发正持续推进。随着肿瘤在传统治疗过程中发生突变和进展，必须开发新的疗法以克服耐药性并靶向癌症特异性受体及突变。近年来，免疫疗法和抗体药物偶联物的研发进展已在宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌中取得了引人注目且具有临床意义的结果。过去十年中，已有多种免疫治疗药物获得美国食品药品监督管理局批准或美国国家综合癌症网络指南推荐用于妇科恶性肿瘤的治疗，包括用于晚期或复发性子宫内膜癌的多塔利单抗，以及用于晚期或复发性宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌的帕博利珠单抗。此外，其他多种免疫治疗药物也正处于积极研究中。抗体药物偶联物的开发同样成果显著：如用于宫颈癌的替索妥单抗维多汀、用于卵巢癌的米妥昔单抗索拉坦辛，以及用于多种妇科癌症的曲妥珠单抗德鲁替康，这些药物均显示出令人鼓舞的疗效信号，推动了药物的全面批准及进一步研究。本文旨在综述妇科恶性肿瘤靶向治疗的最新进展，重点阐述这些新型干预措施背后的临床试验与数据支持。
Recent Therapeutic Advances in Gynecologic Oncology: A Review
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家