Patients with oligometastases show distant relapse in only a limited number of regions. Local therapy such as surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, and radiofrequency ablation for the relapsed sites may thus improve patient survival. Oligometastases are divided into oligo-recurrence and sync-oligometastases. Oligo-recurrence indicates a primary lesion that is controlled, and sync-oligometastases indicate a primary lesion that is not controlled. The management of oligo-recurrence and sync-oligometastases in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma has not been clearly established, and treatment outcomes remain equivocal. We reviewed 14 articles, including three phase II trials, that were limited to squamous cell carcinoma. Multimodal treatment combining surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy for oligo-recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma appears to be a promising treatment. With the development of more effective chemotherapy and regimens that combine immune checkpoint inhibitors, it will become more likely that sync-oligometastases that were unresectable at the initial diagnosis can be brought to conversion surgery. Currently, a randomized, controlled phase III trial is being conducted in Japan to compare a strategy for performing definitive chemoradiotherapy and, if necessary, salvage surgery with a strategy for conversion surgery in patients who can be resected by induction chemotherapy.
寡转移患者仅在有限区域出现远处复发。因此，对复发部位进行手术切除、放疗、放化疗和射频消融等局部治疗可能改善患者生存。寡转移可分为寡复发和同步寡转移。寡复发指原发病灶得到控制，而同步寡转移指原发病灶未受控制。食管鳞状细胞癌中寡复发和同步寡转移的治疗方案尚未明确建立，治疗效果仍存在争议。我们回顾了14篇文献，包括三项II期临床试验，这些研究均仅限于鳞状细胞癌。对于食管鳞状细胞癌的寡复发，手术切除联合放化疗的多模式治疗似乎是一种有前景的治疗方法。随着更有效的化疗方案及免疫检查点抑制剂联合方案的发展，初始诊断时无法切除的同步寡转移患者更有可能通过转化手术实现切除。目前，日本正在进行一项随机对照III期临床试验，旨在比较对可经诱导化疗切除的患者实施根治性放化疗（必要时进行挽救手术）的策略与转化手术策略的疗效。
Oligometastases of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家