Fifty years have passed since the development of the first chemotherapy regimen for treating acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), with the approval in 1973 of the cytarabine daunorubicin (7+3) regimen. Until recently, patients diagnosed with AML had very limited treatment options and depended primarily on chemotherapy in combinations, doses, or schedules of the same drugs. Patients with advanced age, comorbidities, or relapsed or refractory disease were left with no effective options for treatment. New advances in the understanding of the biology and the molecular and genetic changes associated with leukemogenesis, as well as recent advances in drug development, have resulted in the introduction over the last few years of novel therapeutic agents and approaches to the treatment of AML as well as a new classification of the disease. In this article, we will discuss the new classification of AML; the mechanisms, actions, and indications of the new targeted therapies; the chemotherapy combinations; and the potential role of cellular therapies as new treatment options for this terrible disease.
自1973年阿糖胞苷联合柔红霉素（7+3）方案获批以来，首个用于治疗急性髓系白血病（AML）的化疗方案问世已逾五十年。直至近期，AML患者的治疗选择仍极为有限，主要依赖相同药物的不同组合、剂量或给药方案进行化疗。高龄、合并症、复发或难治性患者更是缺乏有效治疗手段。近年来，随着对白血病发生发展相关生物学机制及分子遗传学改变认识的深化，以及药物研发领域的新进展，AML治疗领域已涌现出多种新型治疗药物与方法，并对该疾病进行了全新分类。本文将系统阐述AML的新分类体系、新型靶向治疗的作用机制与适应症、化疗联合方案，以及细胞疗法作为这一重大疾病新型治疗选择的潜在作用。
New Approaches for the Treatment of AML beyond the 7+3 Regimen: Current Concepts and New Approaches
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家