Liver cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) makes up the majority of liver cancer cases. Despite the stabilization of incidence rates in recent years due to effective viral hepatitis treatments, as well as improved outcomes from early detection and treatment advances, the burden of HCC is anticipated to rise again due to increasing rates of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and alcohol-related liver disease. The treatment landscape is evolving and requires a multidisciplinary approach, often involving multi-modal treatments that include surgical resection, transplantation, local regional therapies, and systemic treatments. The optimal approach to the care of the HCC patient requires a multidisciplinary team involving hepatology, medical oncology, diagnostic and interventional radiology, radiation oncology, and surgery. In order to determine which approach is best, an individualized treatment plan should consider the patient’s liver function, functional status, comorbidities, cancer stage, and preferences. In this review, we provide an overview of the current treatment options and key trials that have revolutionized the management of HCC. We also discuss evolving treatment paradigms for the future.
肝癌是全球癌症相关死亡的第三大常见原因，其中肝细胞癌（HCC）占肝癌病例的绝大多数。尽管近年来因有效的病毒性肝炎治疗以及早期检测和治疗进展带来的预后改善，其发病率趋于稳定，但由于代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病和酒精相关性肝病的发病率不断上升，预计HCC的疾病负担将再次增加。治疗格局正在不断演变，需要多学科协作，通常涉及包括手术切除、移植、局部区域治疗和全身治疗在内的多模式治疗。对HCC患者的最佳护理需要由肝病学、肿瘤内科、诊断与介入放射学、放射肿瘤学和外科组成的多学科团队共同参与。为确定最佳治疗方案，个体化治疗计划应考虑患者的肝功能、功能状态、合并症、癌症分期及个人意愿。本综述概述了当前的治疗选择以及彻底改变HCC治疗模式的关键临床试验，并探讨了未来治疗范式的演变趋势。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家