Immunotherapy has emerged as a pivotal component in the treatment of various malignancies, encompassing lung, skin, gastrointestinal, and head and neck cancers. The foundation of this therapeutic approach lies in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). While ICIs have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in impeding the neoplastic progression of these tumours, their use may give rise to substantial toxicity, notably in the gastrointestinal domain, where ICI colitis constitutes a significant aspect. The optimal positioning of Janus kinase (JAK)–signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway inhibitors in the therapeutic management of ICI colitis remains unclear. Numerous reports have highlighted notable improvements in ICI colitis through the application of pan-JAK-STAT inhibitors, with tofacitinib, in particular, reporting evident clinical remission of colitis. The precise mechanism by which JAK-STAT inhibitors may impact the pathogenetic process of ICI colitis remains inadequately understood. However, there is speculation regarding their potential role in modulating memory resident CD8+T lymphocytes. The elucidation of this mechanism requires further extensive and robust evidence, and ongoing JAK-STAT-based trials are anticipated to contribute valuable insights.
免疫疗法已成为治疗多种恶性肿瘤（包括肺、皮肤、胃肠道及头颈部肿瘤）的关键手段，其核心治疗基础在于免疫检查点抑制剂的应用。尽管这类抑制剂在抑制上述肿瘤进展方面展现出显著疗效，但其使用可能引发显著毒性反应，尤其在胃肠道领域，免疫检查点抑制剂相关结肠炎已成为重要临床问题。目前，Janus激酶-信号转导与转录激活因子通路抑制剂在免疫检查点抑制剂相关结肠炎治疗中的最佳定位尚未明确。多项研究报告显示，泛JAK-STAT抑制剂的应用可显著改善免疫检查点抑制剂相关结肠炎，其中托法替尼尤其显示出明确的临床缓解效果。JAK-STAT抑制剂影响免疫检查点抑制剂相关结肠炎发病过程的具体机制尚未充分阐明，但有推测认为其可能通过调节记忆驻留CD8+T淋巴细胞发挥作用。该机制的解析仍需更广泛而有力的证据支持，当前基于JAK-STAT通路的临床试验有望为此提供重要见解。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家