Lung carcinoma is one of the most common cancer types for both men and women. Despite recent breakthroughs in targeted therapy and immunotherapy, it is characterized by a high metastatic rate, which can significantly affect quality of life and prognosis. Rictor (encoded by theRICTORgene) is known as a scaffold protein for the multiprotein complex mTORC2. Among its diverse roles in regulating essential cellular functions, mTORC2 also facilitates epithelial–mesenchymal transition and metastasis formation. Amplification of theRICTORgene and subsequent overexpression of the Rictor protein can result in the activation of mTORC2, which promotes cell survival and migration. Based on recent studies,RICTORamplification or Rictor overexpression can serve as a marker for mTORC2 activation, which in turn provides a promising druggable target. Although selective inhibitors of Rictor and the Rictor-mTOR association are only in a preclinical phase, they seem to be potent novel approaches to reduce tumor cell migration and metastasis formation. Here, we summarize recent advances that support an important role for Rictor and mTORC2 as potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of lung cancer. This is a traditional (narrative) review based on Pubmed and Google Scholar searches for the following keywords: Rictor,RICTORamplification, mTORC2, Rictor complexes, lung cancer, metastasis, progression, mTOR inhibitors.
肺癌是男性和女性中最常见的癌症类型之一。尽管近年来靶向治疗和免疫治疗取得了突破性进展，但其高转移率的特点仍显著影响患者生活质量和预后。Rictor（由RICTOR基因编码）作为多蛋白复合物mTORC2的支架蛋白，在调节多种关键细胞功能中发挥重要作用，其中包括促进上皮-间质转化和转移灶形成。RICTOR基因扩增及其导致的Rictor蛋白过表达可激活mTORC2通路，进而促进肿瘤细胞存活与迁移。最新研究表明，RICTOR扩增或Rictor过表达可作为mTORC2激活的生物标志物，这为药物靶点开发提供了新方向。尽管目前针对Rictor蛋白及Rictor-mTOR相互作用的特异性抑制剂尚处于临床前研究阶段，但这些新型抑制剂在抑制肿瘤细胞迁移和转移灶形成方面展现出巨大潜力。本文基于PubMed和Google Scholar数据库，以"Rictor、RICTOR扩增、mTORC2、Rictor复合物、肺癌、转移、进展、mTOR抑制剂"为关键词进行文献检索，系统综述了Rictor与mTORC2作为肺癌治疗潜在靶点的最新研究进展。
Rictor—A Mediator of Progression and Metastasis in Lung Cancer
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家