This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the ultra-thin endoscope (UTE) for superficial squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC) compared to magnifying endoscopy (ME) under narrow-band imaging. Participants underwent endoscopic examination, and images of pharyngeal and esophageal SCCs, as along with suspicious SSCC lesions, were collected using UTE and ME on the same day. Three image catalogs (UTE, ME-1, and ME-2) were created and reviewed by three expert endoscopists. ME-1 and ME-2 contained the same endoscopic images. The primary endpoint was the intra-observer agreement for diagnosing SCC. Eighty-six lesions (SCC = thirty-nine, non-SCC = forty-seven) in 43 participants were identified. The kappa values for the intra-observer agreement between UTE and ME-1 vs. the control (ME-1 vs. ME-2) were 0.74 vs. 0.84, 0.63 vs. 0.76, and 0.79 vs. 0.88, respectively. The accuracies for diagnosing SCC by UTE and ME-1 were 87.2% vs. 86.0%, 78.0% vs. 73,2%, and 75.6 vs. 82.6%, respectively, with no significant differences (p> 0.05). The rates of lesions that were diagnosed with confidence by UTE and ME-1 were 30.2% vs. 27.9%, 55.8% vs. 62.8%, and 58.1% vs. 55.8%, respectively. UTE demonstrates substantial diagnostic performance for SSCC in the pharynx and esophagus.
本研究旨在评估超细内镜（UTE）与窄带成像放大内镜（ME）在诊断浅表性鳞状细胞癌（SSCC）中的诊断效能。研究对参与者进行内镜检查，并于同一天使用UTE和ME采集咽喉及食管鳞状细胞癌图像以及可疑SSCC病变图像。研究构建了三个图像目录（UTE、ME-1和ME-2），并由三位内镜专家进行审阅。ME-1与ME-2包含相同的内镜图像。主要观察终点为诊断鳞状细胞癌的观察者内一致性。在43名参与者中共发现86处病变（鳞状细胞癌39处，非鳞状细胞癌47处）。UTE与ME-1之间以及对照组（ME-1与ME-2）之间的观察者内一致性kappa值分别为0.74比0.84、0.63比0.76和0.79比0.88。UTE与ME-1诊断鳞状细胞癌的准确率分别为87.2%比86.0%、78.0%比73.2%和75.6%比82.6%，组间无显著差异（p>0.05）。通过UTE与ME-1获得明确诊断的病变比例分别为30.2%比27.9%、55.8%比62.8%和58.1%比55.8%。研究表明，超细内镜在咽喉及食管浅表性鳞状细胞癌的诊断中表现出显著的诊断效能。
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